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TEST BANK
Fundamentals of Nursing
The Art and Science of Person-Centered Care
10th Edition byCarol R. Taylor
Chapter 1. Introduction to Nursing and Professional Formation
1. An oncology nurse with 15 years of experience, certification in the area of oncology nursing, and a
master's degree is considered to be an expert in the area of practice. The nurse works on an oncology unit
in a large teaching hospital. Based upon this description, which career role best describes this nurse's role,
taking into account thequalifications and experience?
A. clinical nurse specialist
B. nurse entrepreneur
C. nurse practitioner
D. nurse educator
Answer: A
Rationale: A clinical nurse specialist is a nurse with an advanced degree, education,or experience who is
considered to be an expert in a specialized area of nursing.
The clinical nurse specialist carries out direct client care; consultation; educating clients, families, and
staff; and research. A nurse practitioner has an advanced degree and works in a variety of settings to
deliver primary care. A nurse educator usually has an advanced degree and teaches in the educational or
clinical setting. Anurse entrepreneur may manage a clinic or health-related business.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional FormationCognitive
Level: Apply
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of CareIntegrated
Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 18
2. What guidelines do nurses follow to identify the client's health care needs andstrengths, to
establish and carry out a plan of care to meet those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the
plan to meet established outcomes?
A. Nursing process
B. ANA Standards of Professional Performance
C. Evidence-based practice guidelines
D. Nurse Practice Acts
Answer: A
Rationale: The nursing process is one of the major guidelines for nursing practice and the profession.
Nurses implement their roles through the nursing process. Thenursing process is used by the nurse to
identify the client's health care needs and strengths, to establish and carry out a plan of care to meet
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those needs, and to evaluate the effectiveness of the plan to meet established outcomes. The American
Nurses Association (ANA) develops the general nursing scope and standards that apply to all nurses.
Evidence-based practice guidelines are grounded in research
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and direct nursing care. Safe, competent nursing practice is grounded in the law aswritten in the state
nurse practice act (NPA) and the state rules/regulations.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional FormationCognitive
Level: Remember
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of CareIntegrated
Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 21
3. Which organization is the best source of information when a nurse wishes todetermine
whether an action is within the scope of nursing practice?
A. American Nurses Association (ANA)
B. American Association of Colleges in Nursing (AACN)
C. National League for Nursing (NLN)
D. International Council of Nurses (ICN)
Answer: A
Rationale: The ANA's 2021 Nursing: Scope and Standards of Practice defines activities that are specific
and unique to nursing. Standards allow nurses to carry out professional roles, serving as protection for
the nurse, the patient, and the institution where health care is provided. The competencies articulated
in the Standards describe expected levels of performance that integrate knowledge, skills,abilities, and
judgments. Each nurse is accountable for their own quality of practice and is responsible for the use of
these standards to ensure knowledgeable, safe, and comprehensive nursing care. The AACN addresses
educational standards, whilethe NLN promotes and fosters various aspects of nursing. The ICN provides
a venuefor national nursing organizations to collaborate, but does not define standards andscope of
practice.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional FormationCognitive
Level: Remember
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of CareIntegrated
Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 20
4. Which set of terms best describes nursing at the end of the Middle Ages?
A. continuity, caring, critical thinking
B. purpose, direction, leadership
C. assessment, interventions, outcomes
D. advocacy, research, education
Answer: B
Rationale: During the Middle Ages, nursing began to have a more clearly defined role. Members of
religious orders gave nursing care, nursing orders were founded,and nursing became a respected
vocation. Although the Middle Ages ended in chaos, nursing had developed purpose, direction, and
leadership. All of the other
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answers include concepts that were not developed until much later in history, suchas the nursing
process (assessment, interventions, outcomes) and continuity, critical thinking, advocacy, and
research, all of which were developed in the 20th century.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional FormationCognitive
Level: Understand
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of CareIntegrated
Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 7
5. Who is considered to be the founder of professional nursing?
A. Dorothea Dix
B. Lillian Wald
C. Florence Nightingale
D. Clara Barton
Answer: C
Rationale: Florence Nightingale is considered to be the founder of professional nursing. Ms.
Nightingale elevated the status of nursing to a respected occupation,improved the quality of nursing
care, and founded modern nursing education.
Although the other choices are people who were important to the development of nursing, none of
them is considered the founder. Dorothea Dix was an American activist on behalf of the people who
were indigent and suffered from mentally illness who, through a vigorous program of lobbying state
legislatures and the United States Congress, created the first generation of American mental health
institiutions. During the Civil War, Ms. Dix served as a Superintendent of Army Nurses. Lillian Wald
founded the Henry Street Settlement in New York City and wasan early advocate to have nurses in
public schools. Clara Barton was a pioneering nurse who founded the American Red Cross.
Question format: Multiple Choice
Chapter 1: Introduction to Nursing and Professional FormationCognitive
Level: Remember
Client Needs: Safe, Effective Care Environment: Management of CareIntegrated
Process: Nursing Process
Reference: p. 10
6. Which nursing pioneer established the Red Cross in the United States in 1882?
A. Florence Nightingale
B. Clara Barton
C. Dorothea Dix
D. Jane Addams
Answer: B
Rationale: Clara Barton volunteered to care for wounds and feed union soldiers during the civil war,
served as the supervisor of nurses for the Army of the James,
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