PENN FOSTER VETINERY PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS VERIFIED BY
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Discuss the responsibilities of a vet tech in the administration of drug orders - CORRECT
ANSWER To carry out the vet's orders correctly. should read the drug label three times to ensure
proper drug is being administered and should take care to administer correct dose by correct
route. Should be aware of the expected affects and potential adverse side effects and be able to
monitor the patient.
Describe the sequence of events that a drug undergoes from administration to excretion -
CORRECT ANSWER Drug is absorbed (or placed directly) into the bloodstream, the drug may
bind with plasma in the blood or may exist in free state, circulating blood distributes drug to
capillary level where it leaves circulation and enters interstitial fluid. it bathes the cell and allows
drug to bind to cell surface receptors or enter the cell. It then exits the cell and moves back into
interstitial fluid, reenters circulation, and is transported to liver for metabolism. The metabolite is
then transported to kidneys for excretion.
List 11 possible routes for administering a drug to a patient. - CORRECT ANSWER Oral,
subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, intraperitoneal, intraarterial, intracardiac,
intramedullary, inhalation, topical, intradermal
List some of the factors that influence drug absorption - CORRECT ANSWER Method of
absorption, pH of the drug and ionization status, absorptive surface area, blood supply to area,
solubility of drug, dosage form, status of GI tract, and interactions with other drugs
Most biotransformation occurs in the_____ - CORRECT ANSWER Liver
Most drug excretion occurs via the ______ - CORRECT ANSWER Kidneys
Drugs usually produce their effects by combining with specific cellular_____ - CORRECT
ANSWER Receptors
The drug name chosen by the manufacturer and is exclusive property of that company is called -
CORRECT ANSWER Trade/Proprietary Name
What are the 6 items that must be included on drug label? - CORRECT ANSWER names
(generic and trade) concentration, quantity, name and address of manufacturer, control or lot
number, expiration date
,What are three government agencies that regulate the development, approval, and use of animal
health products? - CORRECT ANSWER FDA, EPA, USDA
Why do many vet clinics dispense rather than prescribe most of the drugs that they use? -
CORRECT ANSWER Profit earned from selling products
Describe the marketing of animal health products - CORRECT ANSWER Purchased from
manufacturers, distributors, or generic mail order companies. May be sold only one label to
graduate veterinarians and under another as over-the-counter
all FDA-approved veterinary drugs are listed in the publication entitled_____ - CORRECT
ANSWER The Green Book
What is the purpose of FARAD? - CORRECT ANSWER Provides resources concerning the
avoidance of drug residues in animals
Extralabel veterinary drug use was made legal (under prescribed circumstances) by what act of
congress? - CORRECT ANSWER Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act (AMDUCA)
Define Compounding - CORRECT ANSWER Diluting or combingin existing drugs
What are potential dangers of residues in animal products - CORRECT ANSWER May cause
allergic reaction or neoplasia in people, may cause the development of antibiotic-resistant strains
of bacteria
List 3 classes of drug interactions - CORRECT ANSWER Pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic,
and pharmaceutic
Drug interaction can be anticipated when two drugs are given that are both metabolized by
the_____ - CORRECT ANSWER Liver
Define: Ethical Product - CORRECT ANSWER one sold only through veterinarians as a policy
of the manufacturer rather than by FDA requirement
Once a drug has been biotransformed, it is called a_____ - CORRECT ANSWER Metabolite
A reason to use a drug is a(n)_____ - CORRECT ANSWER Indication
Diagnostic method of choosing a drug is based on all of the following except
a. Practical experience
b. Assesment of the patient
c. Obtaining a history
d. Performing lab tests - CORRECT ANSWER A. Practical experience.
Define: extralabel - CORRECT ANSWER Using a drug in a way not specified by the label
,Complex sequence of events that occurs after a drug is administered is called____ - CORRECT
ANSWER Pharmacokinetics
Parenteral drugs are administered________ - CORRECT ANSWER by injections.
The body's ability to change a drug chemically from the form in which it was administered into a
form that can be eliminated from the body is called_____ - CORRECT ANSWER Metabolism
(biotransformation)
Degree to which a drug produces its desired response in a patient is called________ -
CORRECT ANSWER efficacy
An adverse drug reaction is always life-threatening. T/F? - CORRECT ANSWER False
List the six practices recommended by the AVMA for the safe disposal of unwanted drugs. -
CORRECT ANSWER 1.Incinerate when possible
2.Send to landfill when incinerated
3.Never flush down drain or toilet
4.Maintain close inventory control
5.Follow state and federal guidelines
6.Educate clients on proper disposal techniques.
Name 4 common Drug Preparations - CORRECT ANSWER Drugs for oral administration,
drugs for parenteral administration, drugs for inhalation, and drugs for topical inhalations.
Boluses are used in the treatment of - CORRECT ANSWER Large animals with a balling gun
name two types of parenteral injection forms - CORRECT ANSWER injections, implants.
Vials may be either ___ dose or ___ dose - CORRECT ANSWER single-, multi-
All needles should be discarded in a _____ - CORRECT ANSWER sharps container
Name the 6 rights of drug administration - CORRECT ANSWER Right patient, right drug, right
dose, right
route, right time and frequency, right
documentation
Oral drugs should never be adminsitered in animals that are - CORRECT ANSWER Vomiting
Intravenous administration of drugs allows the most _____ and effective administration -
CORRECT ANSWER Rapid
An indwelling catheter should be replaced with a new one every ____ hours - CORRECT
ANSWER 72
, A Simplex (gravity set) IV system is used to administer fluids to ____ animals - CORRECT
ANSWER large
Name six items that should be recorded in the controlled substance log - CORRECT ANSWER
Date, owner's name, patient's name, drug name, amount dispensed or administered, name(s) of
personnel administering the drug to the patient
Why should drugs be given by injection not be stored in syringes for any length of time before
administration? - CORRECT ANSWER The plastic syringe may absorb the drug, which may
cause it to be less effective
List 4 types of syringe tips that are available for use - CORRECT ANSWER luer-lock, slip-tip,
eccentric, catheter tip
A tuberculin syringe holds up to _____mL of medication - CORRECT ANSWER 1
A(n) ______ is an agent that produces superficial irritation that is intended to relieve some other
irritation - CORRECT ANSWER Counter irritant
What type of syringe is divided into units rather than mls? - CORRECT ANSWER insulin
syringe
A(n) _____ will usually separate after long periods of shelf life and must be shaken well before
use to provide a uniform dose - CORRECT ANSWER suspension
Which syringe is constructed in such a way that the needle screws onto the tip of the syringe? -
CORRECT ANSWER Luer-Lok tip
All of the following are sites for IV administration in small animals except
a. jugular vein
b. carotid artery
c. lateral saphenous vein
d. phalic vein - CORRECT ANSWER b. carotid artery
If an IV catheter is not used continuously it should be flushed with heparinized saline every ___
to ___ hours - CORRECT ANSWER 8,12
Cerumen is a substance that is commonly found in what anatomic part of the body? -
CORRECT ANSWER ear
Any patient receiving IV fluid therapy should be monitored every ___ to ___ minutes. -
CORRECT ANSWER 15,30
IV tubing should be changed after a ___ to ___ hour period. - CORRECT ANSWER 48, 72
