Exam (elaborations)
BACTERIOLOGY (COMLEX-USA LEVEL 1) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
- Course
- Institution
BACTERIOLOGY (COMLEX-USA LEVEL 1) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
[Show more]
Content preview
BACTERIOLOGY (COMLEX-USA LEVEL1) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
SOLUTIONS 2024
(1) Mycobacteria (2) Nocardia; Ziehl Neelsen stain - ANSWER What two bacteria are said to be acid fast
(+)? What is another name for the acid fast stain?
Acid fast (Ziehl Neelsen) stain - ANSWER What type of stain is used to detect bacteria with waxy cell
walls?
Cryptococcus - ANSWER What fungus is detected by india ink?
Polysaccharides; Iron - ANSWER A periodic acid-schiff stain test for the presence of _____, while a
prussian blue stain tests for the presence of _____.
Amyloid - ANSWER What does a congo red stain detect?
Red, Apple-green - ANSWER When viewed under a light microscope, what color does congo red stain
amyloid? What color is it when viewed under a polarizing light microscope?
Blue-violet; Pink-red - ANSWER After a gram stain, what color are gram (+) organisms? Gram (-)?
(1) Crystal violet (2) Gram's iodine (3) Alcohol (4) Safranin - ANSWER What are the four steps of gram
staining?
Mycoplasma - ANSWER What is the only bacteria without a cell wall?
Chlamydia - ANSWER What is the only bacteria without peptidoglycan in its cells wall?
Gram (-) - ANSWER Would you expect to find lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in gram (+) or gram (-) bacteria?
,(1) Bacillus (2) Clostridium - ANSWER What two bacteria have the ability to form spores?
(1) Streptococcus pneumoniae (2) Neisseria meningitidis (3) Haemophilus influenzae - ANSWER What
are the three clinically important encapsulated bacteria?
Lipid A - ANSWER What component of lipopolysaccharides makes up the endotoxin found in gram (-)
bacteria?
Gram (-) - ANSWER Are O antigens indicative of gram (+) or gram (-) bacteria?
(1) Stimulates macrophages (2) Activates the alternative pathway of complement (3) Activates factor 12
(hageman) of the coagulation cascade - ANSWER What are the three primary activities of endotoxin
(lipid A)?
Exotoxin; Endotoxin - ANSWER Which is more antigenic endotoxin or exotoxin? Which is more heat
stable?
Tetanus toxin; Mucle spasms - ANSWER What major exotoxin blocks glycine and GABA release? What is
its effect?
Tetanus toxin; Clostridium tetani - ANSWER What major exotoxin causes lockjaw, risus sardonicus, and
eventually paralysis of respiratory muscles? What bacterium is it associated with?
Botulinum toxin; Muscle paralysis (flaccid) - ANSWER What major exotoxin blocks the release of Ach at
neuromuscular junctions? What is its effect?
Botulinum toxin; Clostridium botulinum - ANSWER What is the most potent exotoxin? What bacterium is
it associated with?
Botulinum toxin - ANSWER What major exotoxin causes constipation followed by descending flaccid
paralysis?
, Diphtheria toxin; Corynebacterium diphtheria - ANSWER What major exotoxin features pharyngeal
pseudomembrane development, myocarditis, and muslce weakness/paralysis? What bacterium is it
associated with?
(1) Throat (2) Heart (3) Neural tissue - ANSWER What three parts of the body are most affected by
diphtheria toxin?
(1) Clostridium perfingens (2) Staphylococcus aureus - ANSWER What are the two bacteria that produce
alpha toxin?
Clostridium perfingens; Staphylococcus aureus - ANSWER Alpha toxin is produced by two different
organisms. Which organism causes marked skin necrosis? Which organism causes marked necrosis of
deep tissues?
Staphylococcus aureus; Superantigen (binds directly to MHC II proteins) - ANSWER What bacterium
produces toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1)? What is the mechanism of action of TSST-1?
Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1) (2) Enterotoxin A-F - ANSWER What are the two super antigens
produced by staphylococcus aureus?
Cholera toxin; Massive watery diarrhea - ANSWER What major exotoxin binds to gangliosides in intestinal
cell membranes? What is its effect?
Pertussis toxin; Bordetella pertussis - ANSWER What major exotoxin causes whooping cough? What
bacterium is it associated with?
Pertusis (Whooping cough) - ANSWER What is the only bacterial infection known to cause
lymphocytosis?
(1) Heat labile (LT) (2) Heat stable (ST) - ANSWER What are the two major enterotoxins produced by E.
coli?
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Performance. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $16.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
77254 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now