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ATI Proctored Exam_ Community Health (Public Health) (DETAILED ANSWERS) 2024 - DISTINCTION
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ATI Proctored Exam_ Community Health (Public Health) (DETAILED ANSWERS) 2024 - DISTINCTION
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8/10/24, 7:59 AMATI Proctored Exam: Community Health (Public Health)
Jeremiah
Terms in this set (37)
Nightingale's Theory of Environment: Focuses on impact of a person's environment on
their health. Focus in on preventative care (washing hands, clean environment).
Health Belief Model: Assumes a persons primary motivation in taking positive health
Community Health Nursing Theories
actions is to avoid getting a disease.
- Nightingale's Theory of Environment
- Health Belief Model
Likelihood of taking action is based on:
- Likelihood of Taking Action Factors
1. Modifying variables (age, gender, race, economy, education)
2. Perceived severity and susceptibility of getting the disease
3. Perceived benefits vs. barriers of taking action
4. Cues to action (i.e. advice of doctor, media campaign)
The community or population is the "client" in community health nursing.
Community-Based Nursing: Focused on ILLNESS care (acute or chronic conditions) for
individuals and families.
- Examples: Home Health nurse doing wound care, School nurse administering epi-
Community-Based Nursing versus
pen.
Community-Oriented Nursing
*Community-Oriented Nursing: Focused on improving the collective health of the
community.
- Examples: Health education and promotion, disease prevention activities. No illness
care! Community-oriented nursing = public health nursing.
Community Health Nursing: Delivers health care services to individuals, families, and
groups. Includes community-based nursing (illness care for individuals and families)
AND community-oriented nursing (community focused care, with an emphasis on
Community Health Nursing versus Public education and disease prevention).
Health Nursing
Public Health Nursing: Disease prevention and health promotion of communities and
populations. They re not providing direct care to individuals! Public health nursing =
community-oriented nursing.
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Respect for Authority: Respect a patient's right to self-determination.
Four Ethical Principles in Community Health
Nursing
Non-Maleficence: Do no harm
- Respect for Autonomy
- Non-Maleficence
Beneficence: Do what is best (i.e. maximize benefits)
- Beneficence
- Distributive Justice
Distributive Justice: Fair allocation of resources in community.
Epidemiology: Study of spread, transmission, and incidence of disease/injury.
Components of Epidemiology Triangle
Epidemiology and Components of
- Agent: What is causing the disease (i.e. bacteria, toxin, noise)
Epidemiology Triangle
- Host: Human/animal being affected by the disease
- Environment: Physical environment (water/food supply, geography). Social
environment (access to health care, work conditions, poverty).
Incidence: Number of NEW case of disease/injury in a population during a specified
period of time.
Incidence vs. Prevalence
Prevalence: Number of ALL cases (new and pre-existing) of disease/injury in a
population during a specified period of time.
Community Health Education
- Obstacles: Age culture, illiteracy, language barriers, lack of access, lack of motivation.
- Learning Styles: visual (video, presentations), auditory (verbal lectures, discussions),
Community Health Education and Healthy
tactile-kinesthetic (hands-on, return demonstration).
People 2020
Healthy People 2020: Includes national health goals based on major risk to health and
wellness of U.S. population (i.e.: Diabetes,Cancer, Older Adults, LGBT health).
Primary Prevention: Prevents initial occurrence of disease.
- i.e. education, immunizations, prenatal classes.
Secondary Prevention: Focuses on early detection of disease, limiting severity of
Primary vs. Secondary vs. Tertiary Prevention disease.
- i.e. screenings, disease surveillance, control of outbreaks.
Tertiary Prevention: Maximize recovery after an injury/illness.
- i.e. rehabilitation, PT/OT, support groups
Acculturation: Adopting the traits of a different culture.
Ethnocentrism: The belief that one's own culture is superior to all others. View world
from their own cultural viewpoint.
- Acculturation
- Ethnocentrism Culture Assessment: Ask about patient's ethnic background, religious preference,
- Cultural Assessment family structure, food patterns, and health practices. Incorporate patient preferences
- Interpreter into care whenever possible.
Interpreter: Use of family members in not recommended, interpreters need to have
knowledge of health terminology. Patient teaching materials should be available in their
primary language.
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