BPK 110 FINAL REVIEW EXAM ACTUAL CORRECT
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS GUARANTEE PASS
Differentiate between complete and incomplete proteins and provide
typical sources of each. - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>Complete proteins: Have
all nine essential amino acids.
Ex. Animal sources of protein (milk, meat)
Incomplete proteins: Lack one or more of the essential amino acids.
Ex. Plant sources of proteins (legumes)
Describe the molecular structure of proteins and the four levels of protein
structure. Which bonds are essential to each level of organization? -
CORRECT ANSWER >>>>Proteins are composed of long chains of amino acids
folded into very specific patterns. Amino acids are linked together by
peptide bonds to form polypeptides.
Secondary Structure: Alpha helices and beta-pleated sheets; hydrogen
bonds between side chains in the polypeptide chains.
Tertiary Structure: Disulphide, hydrogen bonds between side chains.
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Quaternary Structure: The binding of two or more polypeptide chains
together.
Define the key words: Denaturation, deamination, peptide bond,
polypeptide. - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>Denaturation: Refers to the alteration
of a protein's 3D structure (from heat, acid, cooking, etc.)
Deamination: The removal of the nitrogen group found on proteins
Where/how does protein digestion occur in the body? Include key enzymes
involved in the process and their source organs. - CORRECT ANSWER >>>>1.
In the mouth, chewing begins the mechanical breakdown of protein.
2. In the stomach, hydrochloric acid and the enzyme pepsin begin the
chemical digestion of protein.
3. In the small intestine, pancreatic proteases (trypsin and chymotrypsin),
along with enzymes in the microvilli break down polypeptides into amino
acids, dipeptides, and tripeptides.
What risk is there in consuming isolates of single amino acids? - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>>Similar amino acids sometimes use the same transporter, so if
there is an overabundance of one amino acid, it may block the absorption of
another (deficiency).
Outline the key functions of proteins. Use specific examples. - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>>1. Structure: Protein forms some of the base structure of
bone, ligaments, muscles, hair, and skin
2. Enzymes: Proteins that speed of the rate of chemical reactions
3. Transport: The hemoglobin protein in blood binds to oxygen and allows it
to be transported by red blood cells
4. Protection from disease: Antibodies are proteins that help fight off
infection
5. Movement: Actin and myosin are proteins that allow muscles to contract
6. Fluid balance: Proteins found in blood draw in water, reducing chance of
edema
7. Energy extraction
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Differentiate between kwashiorkor and marasmus. - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>>Kwashiorkor: Protein deficiency leading to fluid accumulation in the
abdomen, and a fatty liver
Marasmus: Protein and energy deficiency leading to the depletion of fat
stores and wasting of muscle
Contrast the potential benefits and risks of consuming a high protein diet. -
CORRECT ANSWER >>>>Benefits:
-May be associated with weight loss
-Can help build muscle mass
Risks:
-Can lead to dehydration, since deamination requires more water excretion
-May increase calcium loss
-May increase risk of kidney stones
Outline the protein recommendations for the average Canadian, pregnant
women and endurance and strength athletes. - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>>AMDR: 10-35% of calories
RDA: 0.8 g/kg of body weight
Pregnant: +25 g/day
Endurance/Strength Athletes: 1.2-1.4 g/kg of body weight
Explain the concept of protein complementation. - CORRECT ANSWER
>>>>Consuming different sources of plant protein that are rich sources of
certain essential amino acids, to ensure all the essential amino acids are
met.
Differentiate between the different types of vegetarian diets. - CORRECT
ANSWER >>>>Semivegetarian: Excludes red meat but may include fish,
poultry, diary products, and eggs.
Pescetarian: Excludes all animal flesh except fish.
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