Cisco Networking Essentials Questions and Answers
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) - Answer-Used for interactive file transfer between systems
Telnet data handling - Answer-Sends all data in plaintext form
SSH data handling - Answer-Sends all data in an encrypted form
Telnet/SSH are... - A...
File Transfer Protocol (FTP) - Answer-Used for interactive file transfer between systems
Telnet data handling - Answer-Sends all data in plaintext form
SSH data handling - Answer-Sends all data in an encrypted form
Telnet/SSH are... - Answer-In band connections
Utilizing a console cable to interface is what type of connection? - Answer-Out of band
connection
Basic characteristics of network architects - Answer-1. Fault tolerance
2. Scalability
3. Quality of service
4. Security
Fault tolerance - Answer-Limits the number of affected devices during a failure
Scalability - Answer-(Growth) Expands quickly to support new users and applications
Quality of service - Answer-Prioritize sensitive network traffic. Type of traffic, not content
is important
Security - Answer-Physically securing devices that provide network connectivity and
preventing unauthorized access to the management software that resides on them.
3 Main layers - Answer-1. Core - Servers
2. Distribution - Routers
3. Access - Switches
Public clouds - Answer-Cloud-based applications and services offered in a public cloud
are made available to the general population. Services may be free or are offered on a
pay-per-use model, such as paying for online storage. The public cloud uses the
internet to provide services.
Private Clouds - Answer-Cloud-based applications and services offered in a private
cloud are intended for a specific organization or entity, such as the government. A
private cloud can be set up using the private network of an organization, though this can
, be expensive to build and maintain. A private cloud can also be managed by an outside
organization with strict access security.
Hybrid clouds - Answer-A hybrid cloud is made up of two or more clouds (example: part
private, part public), where each part remains a separate object, but both are connected
using a single architecture. Individuals on a hybrid cloud would be able to have degrees
of access to various services based on user access rights.
Community clouds - Answer-A community cloud is created for exclusive use by a
specific community. The differences between public clouds and community clouds are
the functional needs that have been customized for the community. For example,
healthcare organizations must remain compliant with policies and laws (e.g., HIPAA)
that require special authentication and confidentiality.
SaaS - Answer-Software as a Service; a subscription service where you purchase
licenses for software that expire at a certain date.
PaaS - Answer-Platform as a Service. Provides cloud customers with an easy-to-
configure operating system and on-demand computing capabilities.
IaaS - Answer-Infrastructure as a Service. A cloud computing technology useful for
heavily utilized systems and networks. Organizations can limit their hardware footprint
and personnel costs by renting access to hardware such as servers. Compare to PaaS
and SaaS.
LLC Sublayer - Answer-IEEE 802.2 sublayer communications between networking
software at the upper layers and the device hardware at the lower layers. It places info
in the frame that identifies which network layer protocol is being used for the frame. This
info allows multiple layer 3 protocols, such as Ipv4 and Ipv6 to use the same network
interface/media
MAC Sublayer - Answer-This sublayer (IEEE 802.3, 802.11, or 802.15 for example) is
implemented in hardware and is responsible for data encapsulation and media access
control. It provides data link layer addressing and is integrated with various physical
layer technologies.
CSMA/CD - Answer-Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection
Preamble and Start frame Delimiter Fields - Answer-The Preamble (7 bytes) and Start
Frame Delimiter (SFD), also called the Start of Frame (1 byte), fields are used for
synchronization between the sending and receiving devices. These first eight bytes of
the frame are used to get the attention of the receiving nodes. Essentially, the first few
bytes tell the receivers to get ready to receive a new frame.
Destination MAC Address Field - Answer-This 6-byte field is the identifier for the
intended recipient. As you will recall, this address is used by Layer 2 to assist devices in
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