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NUR2101 EXAM STUDY GUIDE
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NUR2101 EXAM STUDY GUIDE...
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NUR2101 EXAM STUDY GUIDEMicro level - ANSWER patient and practitioner
Meso level - ANSWER patient and community
Macro level - ANSWER patient and legislation
Cor pulmonale - ANSWER right-sided heart failure
Sign - ANSWER objective evidence. Something you can see or measure like a rash
or vital sign
Symptom - ANSWER subjective evidence. What the patient is telling you like
pain, fatigue or thirst
Claudication - ANSWER intermittent pain when walking or moving. Seen in
arterial disease
Polyuria - ANSWER frequent urination
Polydipsia - ANSWER increased thirst and fluid intake
Polyphagia - ANSWER increased appetite
Clinical incidences - ANSWER when an adverse occurrence happens to a person
while in a hospital or a lower-level care area or nursing home
Sentinel events - ANSWER an extension of clinical incidences where there has
been major morbidity to the person e.g. not assessed or treated adequately which
then causes more harm or even death
Assessment - ANSWER the initial and ongoing data collected about a person and
family which is directed at finding out info to work up a plan of care
Patient education - ANSWER the process of teaching the patient information and
tasks related to their disease process by the patient is not just their disease
,Self-management - ANSWER teaches a patient the skills to solve problems related
to their disease in their context
Dementia - ANSWER a collection of manifestations caused by a variety of
disorders that affect the brain
Alzheimer's - ANSWER a form of dementia characterised by progressive,
irreversible deterioration of general intellectual functioning
Parkinson's disease - ANSWER common degenerative neurological disease with no
known cause. Characterised by a tremor, muscle rigidity and bradykinesia
Multiple sclerosis (MS) - ANSWER chronic neurological disorder, characterised
by inflammatory, demyelination and gliosis (scarring) of CNS
Medications for Alzheimer's disease - ANSWER donepezil and hydrochloride
Multiple sclerosis medication - ANSWER teriflunomide
Parkinson's disease medication - ANSWER levodopa
Diabetes - ANSWER a term used to describe a group of metabolic diseases where
hyperglycaemia is the end result of issues relating to either the products of insulin
or the action of insulin
Pathophysiology of type 1 diabetes - ANSWER a complex mix of environmental
factors, autoantibodies and genetic susceptibility cause the destruction of beta cells
in pancreatic islets, which creates an insulin deficiency and eventually a complete
lack of insulin
Pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes - ANSWER results from insulin resistance with
a defect in compensatory insulin secretion as the pancreatic beta cells function
deteriorates over time
Blood glucose rising - ANSWER the pancreas releases glucagon, the liver breaks
down the glycogen and the blood glucose level rises
Blood glucose falling - ANSWER pancreas releases insulin, the liver produces
glycogen and the cells take up glucose from the blood, making the blood glucose
fall
, Gestational diabetes - ANSWER a temporary condition that occurs in pregnancy
and carries long-term risk of type 2 diabetes from the woman
Glucagon is a peptide hormone, produced by alpha cells of the pancreas. This
hormone causes the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, which is released
into the bloodstream - ANSWER
Respiratory centre - ANSWER pons and medulla of the brain
Difference between asthma and COPD - ANSWER asthma is reversible airway
limitation, COPD is irreversible
Peripheral vascular disease - ANSWER affects the peripheral circulation and
comprises of diseases associated with both the arteries and peripheral veins
(Arterial and venous disease)
Arteriosclerosis - ANSWER most common arterial disorder which is the loss of
elasticity, thickening and calcification of the arterial walls
Atherosclerosis - ANSWER deposits fat and fibrin which obstructs and hardens the
arteries
Varicose veins - ANSWER blood is pooled in the veins and legs and is commonly
caused by valvular incompetence and DVT's
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) - ANSWER this pooling increases pressure on the
walls of the veins and red blood cells can leak into the surrounding tissues, causing
'staining'
Arterial disease skin - ANSWER shiny, hairless, brittle toenails and little or
localised oedema. Normal on atrophic, pallor on elevation and rubor on
dependency
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