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Bio 669 Quiz 4 questions and answers latest graded A+ 2024/2025
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Bio 669 Quiz 4 questions and answers latest graded A+ 2024/2025
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Bio 669 Quiz 4What is the circulation of the right heart?
pulmonary circulation-blood through lungs
what is the circulation of the left heart?
systemic circulation- blood through body
what are the three layers in the pericardium?
epicardium
myocardium
endocardium
What is the epicardium?
outer layer of the heart
What is the myocardium?
cardiac muscle
What is the endocardium?
inner lining of the heart
what are the four chambers of the heart?
right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle
What are the atrioventricular valves?
tricuspid and bicuspid valves
What valves have chordae tendinae?
tricuspid and bicuspid (Mitral valve)
what valves are open for ventricular diastole or relaxation?
the atrioventricular valves -tricuspid and bicuspid valves
what does ventricular diastole allow?
allows blood to flow from the atria into the ventricles
what valves are open for ventricular systole?
, the semilunar valves- pulmonary and aortic
what causes ventricular systole?
the increased pressure of the ventricles exceeds the pressure in the atria , blood tried to go back into the
atria and this closes the atrioventricular valves to close, the closing of the atrioventricular valves
increases the pressure of the ventricle even more, exceeding the pressure of the major arteries and
forces the semilunar valves open to allow blood to flow from the ventricles to the major arteries.
What are the semilunar valves?
pulmonary and aortic
what valves are on the left side of the heart?
mitral valve and aortic semilunar valve
what valves are on the right side of the heart?
Tricuspid valve and the pulmonic semilunar valve
What are the great vessels?
Superior and inferior vena cava; Right and left pulmonary arteries; Pulmonary veins; Aorta
what are the phases of the cardiac cycle?
-diastole: ventricular filling= pressure of atrial exceeds the pressure of the ventricle= AV opens to fill the
ventricle then close (S1) as the ventricular pressure starts to exceed the atrial.
-Systole: isovolumetric contraction=volume stays the same but contraction is occurring=pressure is cont.
to rise.
-Systole: ventricular ejection= pressure of ventricles exceeds the pressure of the aorta= AV opens and
blood is ejected out of the ventricle and throughout the body= pressure of ventricle below the pressure
of the artery= Semilunar close (S2)
-Diastole: isovolumetric relaxation= pressure drops but volume stays the same.
What are myocardial cells?
nearly identical to skeletal muscle cells
but are important for cardiac function
What is preload?
amount of venous blood returning to the right atrium= increased pressure= the more force of fill in the
ventricle
how much blood is in the ventricle at the end of relaxation (diastole)
What is the Frank-Starling law of the heart?
Basically, the more blood returned to the heart (the more EDV), the more blood will be ejected with
each beat, this is based on the relationship of the stretch of the sarcomeres and the ability of actin and
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