HESI PEDIATRIC NURSING
RESPIRATORY DISORDERS EXAM
WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
Characteristics of asthma - CORRECT ANSWERS-- Airways become
edematous, congested with mucus, smooth muscles of the bronchi and
bronchioles constrict, air trapping in alveoli
Nursing assessments included in asthma - CORRECT ANSWERS-1. History of
family asthma, allergies, and/or eczema
2. Hone environment containing pets or other allergens
3. Tight cough (nonproductive cough) that worsens at night
4. Breath sounds that are coarse expiratory wheezing, rales, crackles
5. chest diameter enlarges(late sign)
6. increased # of school days missed during past 6 months
7. Signs of respiratory distress
What intervention should take place in the event of and acute asthma
attachk? - CORRECT ANSWERS-Administer Rapid-acting bronchodilator and
steroids
Cystic fibrosis - CORRECT ANSWERS-An autosomoal-recessive disease that
causes dysfunction of the exorcrine of the exocrine
Characteristics of CF - CORRECT ANSWERS-Lung insufficiency (most critical)
Pancreatic insufficiency
Increased loss of sodium and chloride in sweat
recurrent respirtory infections
Steatorrhea
foul-bulky stool
Delayed growth/poor weight gain
salty skin
Meconium ileus at birth is associated with what respiratory disorder? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-CF
Normal pulse and RR in newborns - CORRECT ANSWERS-P: 100-160
RR:30-60
normal pulse & RR for 1 to 11 months - CORRECT ANSWERS-P:100-150
RR: 25-35
, Normal Pulse and RR for 1-3 year old - CORRECT ANSWERS-P: 80-130
RR: 20-35
Normal Pulse and RR for 2-5 year olds - CORRECT ANSWERS-P: 80-120
RR: 20-25
Normal Pulse and RR for 6-10yr old - CORRECT ANSWERS-P:70-110
RR: 18-22
Normal Pulse and RR for 10-16 yr olds - CORRECT ANSWERS-P: 60-90
RR: 16-20
Signs of respiratory distress in children: Cardinal signs - CORRECT ANSWERS-
1. Reslessness
2. Increased RR and HR
3. Diaphoresis
Signs of respiratory distress in children: Other signs - CORRECT ANSWERS-
nasal flaring, Retraction, Grunting, Adventitious breath sounds or absent,
accessory muscle use (neck, ribs), head bobbing, Alteration in blood gases:
low PO2 and high Pco2, cyanosis and pallor, mental status alterations
HESI hint: Early symptoms of hypoxia - CORRECT ANSWERS-Restlessness,
anxiety, tachycardia/pnea
HESI hint: Late signs of hypoxia - CORRECT ANSWERS-Bradycardia, extreme
restlessness, severe dyspnea
HESI hint: Hypoxia in pediatrics - CORRECT ANSWERS-Difficulty feeding,
inspiratory stridor, nares flaring, grunting with expirations, sternal retractions
Asthma - CORRECT ANSWERS-Inflammatory reactive airway disease that is
commonly chronic
What are end-stage signs of CF - CORRECT ANSWERS-cyanosis, clubbing,
CHF
Nursing interventions for CF - CORRECT ANSWERS--monitor respiratory
status
-assess for signs of respiratory infection
-administer IV antibiotics as prescribed
-administer pancreatic enzymes
-administer fat soluble vitamins in water soluble form
-administer oxygen and nebulizer treatments
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