NURS 216 Exam 1, Questions With Answers-"Dependent" edema is dependent on what?
- the position of the body
A primary disorder of phagocytosis leads to what?
- Increased chronic and acute infections
Adhesions are due to what?
- inflamed membranes
An activated kinin system leads to wha...
NURS 216 Exam 1, Questions With Answers
"Dependent" edema is dependent on what?
- the position of the body
A primary disorder of phagocytosis leads to what?
- Increased chronic and acute infections
Adhesions are due to what?
- inflamed membranes
An activated kinin system leads to what?
- Bradykinin
Arachidonic and metabolites act through various pathways to stimulate what?
- vasoconstriction, vasodilation, platelet function, increased capillary permeability
Are cells able to change size or form but still function normally?
- Yes
Chronic inflammation is characterized by what?
- The infiltration of macrophages and lymphocytes
Clotting contributes to what phase of inflammation?
- Vascular phase
Cold injuries has what kind of effect on blood?
- increased blood viscosity, vasoconstriction, which leads to reduced blood flow
Complete restoration of normal tissue is the goal for what?
- Acute inflammation
Complication definition:
- results of a disease that are not expected and can be prevented
Decreased cardiac output and blood pressure is an effect of what?
,- ECF volume deficit
Disruption of communication between humoral and cell-mediated responses lead to
what?
- The failure of adaptive immune response
Does the sodium / potassium pump start or stop when there is a hypoxic injury?
- Stops (will accumulate water)
ECF contains what three other components?
- Interstitial fluid (tissue fluid), Intravascular fluid (fluid within the vessels), and
transcellular fluid (around joints)
Edema is due to a disturbance in what?
- Hydrostatic or osmotic pressure
High plasma osmolarity with hypernatremia causes what?
- Water movement from the ICF to the ECF (from inside the cell to outside)
How can ischemia be reversed?
- If blood flow is restored
How does calcium help the body?
- Helps nerve function, stabilize neuro-muscular response, and helps muscles contract
How does fibrous tissue repair occur?
- By replacement of connective tissue
How does gangrene develop?
- Saprophytic bacteria grows over dead tissue
How does potassium help the body?
- Helps muscles contract, supports normal blood pressure, and maintains normal fluid
levels
How long does the acute inflammatory process last?
, - a few minutes to several days. The immune system cells move into the extravascular
tissues, which is dominated by neutrophils
How long does the chronic inflammatory process last?
- days to years, is the proliferation of blood vessels, fibrosis, and necrosis, which is
dominated by macrophages and lymphocytes
How should you treat hyponatremia?
- restrict fluid and stop medication
Hydrostatic pressure means:
- fluid is being pushed out
Hypoxic cellular injury is caused by what?
- Disorders of oxygenation (oxygen) or perfusion (blood)
If pH is high and HCO3- is high, the patient has
- metabolic alkalosis
If pH is high and PaCO2 is low, the patient has
- respiratory alkalosis
If pH is low and HCO3- is low, the patient has
- metabolic acidosis
If pH is low and PaCO2 is high, the patient has
- respiratory acidosis
Incidence definition:
- tells how quickly a disease is spreading
Is ATP slowed or sped up when there is a hypoxic injury?
- Slowed, because cells are forced to use anaerobic metabolism
Is tissue death permanent?
- Yes
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