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ENVS 2210 Midterm 2 Questions And Answers Latest Update
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ENVS 2210 Midterm 2 Questions And Answers Latest Update
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ENVS 2210 Midterm 2 Questions And AnswersLatest Update
What are the levels of reproduction? -ANS>individual and colony
Explain reproduction at the individual level? -ANS>- involves queen and drones
How are the colony and individual levels interconnected? -ANS>colony level
reproduction depends on reproduction of individuals
What is the sex ratio of drones:Queen? -ANS>5-20 000 drones: <10 queens
What are the main functions of the queen? -ANS>- egg laying
- spreading queen substance
When are queens replaced? -ANS>- queenless colony (lost or dead)
- queen supersedure
What is queen supersedure? -ANS>a failing queen, not laying enough eggs, not
producing enough queen substance
What is a symptom of a failing queen? -ANS>spotted brood pattern
,What steps should you go through if you see queen cells being made? -ANS>1.
look for eggs: no eggs=no queen, eggs=swarming or queen supersedure
2. colony population: if colony is heavily populated and its May/June=swarming
3. strength of colony: weak colony=supersedure
What things immediately happen after the queen develops? -ANS>- she emerges
and is fed
- she searches for rival queens and queen cells
- she kills potential queens either in their cell or fights them to the death
What are some drone characteristics? -ANS>- haploid
- come from unfertilized eggs
- large eyes
Define parthenogenesis? -ANS>originating from unfertilized eggs, drones have a
mother not a father
How many chromosomes do female bees have? -ANS>16 pairs of homologous
chromosomes
How many chromosomes do male bees have? -ANS>16 chromatids
Where do queens and drones meet to reproduce? -ANS>congregation areas
, Why are congregation areas located several km away from colonies? -ANS>to
prevent inbreeding
How long are mating flight? -ANS>~30 mins
How many drones on average does the queen mate with? -ANS>10-20 drones <40,
during 2 weeks consisting of 1-10 mating flights
Explain the drones mating story? -ANS>- find and mount queen
- after mating they flip backwards and fracture their penis, they then die
Explain queens mating story? -ANS>- queen mates with many drones in air
- she releases sex attractant
- she then returns to hive with many penis' in vagina, which workers remove
Where is the makes semen stored in the female? -ANS>spermatheca
What percentage of sperm does queen actually keep? -ANS>10-20%
Where does the sperm travel? -ANS>goes from central oviduct to lateral oviduct,
some to spermatheca and then others discarded
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