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MASTERING BIOLOGY NATURAL SELECTION EXAM 2024
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MASTERING BIOLOGY NATURAL SELECTION EXAM
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MASTERING BIOLOGY NATURALSELECTION EXAM
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Which of the following is an example of an adaptation in anole lizards?
A] long leg length in the anole lizards that live mainly on twigs
B] small toe pads in the anole lizards that live in the tree canopy
C] short tails in the anole lizards that live in grass and bushes
D] long legs in the anole lizards that live primarily on the ground and tree trunks -
Answer -long legs in the anole lizards that live primarily on the ground and tree trunks
Jonathan Losos and colleagues conducted experiments on small, hurricane-swept
islands as "natural laboratories." Which of the following statements is true?
Select all that apply.
A] Experiments on the small islands show evidence for adaptation by natural selection
but not for evolution.
B] The legs of the anoles placed on the islands became shorter, and their offspring
inherited shorter legs.
C] Islands scrubbed by hurricanes allow researchers to introduce new lizard populations
and observe their evolution.
D] There are many small islands with similar environments, meaning that researchers
can repeat their experiments and observations in several locations.
E] Natural selection can lead to rapid changes. The average leg length of lizard
populations decreased within a few generations. - Answer -C] Islands scrubbed by
hurricanes allow researchers to introduce new lizard populations and observe their
evolution.
D] There are many small islands with similar environments, meaning that researchers
can repeat their experiments and observations in several locations.
E] Natural selection can lead to rapid changes. The average leg length of lizard
populations decreased within a few generations.
What is the most important characteristic of anole lizard species that keeps members of
one species from mating with members of another species?
A] Different species live in different ecological niches.
B] Different species have differences in appearance, such as color or leg length.
C] Different species living in the same habitat have different dewlaps.
, D] Different species eat different types of food. - Answer -Different species living in the
same habitat have different dewlaps.
Evolution of shorter legs in anole lizards placed on small, hurricane-scrubbed islands is
an example of which type of evolution?
A] microevolution
B] neither macroevolution nor microevolution
C] macroevolution - Answer -microevolution
What observations and evidence have Jonathan Losos and his colleagues gathered to
support the theory of natural selection?
A] DNA evidence suggests that the different lizard body types (twig, grass, etc.) evolved
independently on each of the four large Caribbean islands.
B] An anole lizard with a light-colored dewlap will develop a darker dewlap that stands
out better in a bright environment.
C] On each of the four large Caribbean islands, Losos observed the same distribution of
anole lizard body types.
D] When Losos and colleagues transplanted tree-dwelling anoles to small, hurricane-
scrubbed islands without trees, the lizards evolved to have shorter legs after only a few
generations. - Answer -A] DNA evidence suggests that the different lizard body types
(twig, grass, etc.) evolved independently on each of the four large Caribbean islands.
C] On each of the four large Caribbean islands, Losos observed the same distribution of
anole lizard body types.
D] When Losos and colleagues transplanted tree-dwelling anoles to small, hurricane-
scrubbed islands without trees, the lizards evolved to have shorter legs after only a few
generations.
Varieties of Staphylococcus aureus that are resistant to the drug methicillin _____.
View Available Hint(s)
A] developed in response to the use of methicillin
B] already existed in the population before methicillin was developed
C] always have an advantage in every environment
were strongly selected for as methicillin became widely used D] to treat bacterial
infections
E] The second and fourth answers are correct. - Answer -The second and fourth
answers are correct.
If the bacterium Staphylococcus aureus experiences a cost for maintaining one or more
antibiotic-resistance genes, what would happen in environments that lack antibiotics?
A] These genes would be maintained in case the antibiotics appear.
B] These bacteria would try to make the cost worthwhile by locating and migrating to
microenvironments where traces of antibiotics are present.
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