NUR 2050: Final exam study guide Questions
Correctly Answered
What is a never event, and what are some examples of a never event? - answer✔✔-shocking
medical errors that should never occur
-adverse events that are unambiguous
-leads to serious disability or death
-usually preventable.
EX: CAUTI, DVT, stage 3/4 pressure injuries nosocomial
Who qualifies for Medicare and what are the 3 parts of it? - answer✔✔- 65 years +-
younger but disabled after receiving SSDI for 2 years
-person who has end-stage renal disease or ALS.
Medicare part A: "hospital insurance", limited home healthcare, and hospice care
Medicare part B: covers doctors visits, medical equipment, home health care, labs, xray,
preventative services
Medicare part D: drug coverage
What is Medicaid and who is eligible for it? - answer✔✔-created to meet healthcare needs of
poor
-eligibility is income based
What is HIPPA? What can the nurse do to make sure patient privacy is not breeched. -
answer✔✔HIPPA is a law put in place to protect patients personal protected information.
-Nurses should not share passwords
-log off of computers after leaving
-do not discuss patients using identifying information in the hallways/open areas
EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 26, 2024 9:30 AM
,What is orthostatic hypotension? What should be done to prevent this? - answer✔✔decreased
ability to equalize blood supply when moving from a lying to standing position
-results is a drop of 20+ in systolic pressure OR a drop of 10+ in diastolic pressure.
-treat underlying cause such as dehydration
-try to ambulate patient slowly
Nursing interventions to prevent pressure ulcers and DVT? - answer✔✔DVT Prevention: -TED
hoses-sequential compression device, ambulation/range of motion
Pressure injuries: Repositioning every 2 hours, use of wedges/pillows under bony prominences,
preventative dressings over bony prominences.
What are sequential compression devices? - answer✔✔Inflatable sleeves that wrap around the
legs that inflate with air one at a time to mimic walking. These are used to prevent DVT's.
Antidote for coumadin and heparin - answer✔✔-Coumadin: vitamin K
-Heparin: protamine sulfate
What should a nurse monitor for after an Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)? - answer✔✔-
Monitor vital signs (blood pressure, pulse, respiration)
- as ordered Give the client throat lozenges or analgesics for throat discomfort.
- Inform the client that he or she may have flatus or burp-up gas, which is normal.
-Monitor for return of gag reflex
What should a nurse monitor for after a colonoscopy? - answer✔✔-Observe the patient closely
for signs of bowel perforation. Signs of bowel perforations such as severe abdominal pain,
nausea, vomiting, fever, and chills must be reported immediately.
-Rectal bleeding
What is thrombocytopenia? Symptom presentation? - answer✔✔-Decrease in platelet count,
includes decreased production and survival, and increased destruction (under 140,000) Panic
level= less than 20,000
S/s-spontaneous/prolonged bleeding, petechiae, and ecchymosis
What are nursing interventions/teaching for someone with thrombocytopenia? - answer✔✔-
Protect from injury, monitor for bleeding/bruising/red patches (petechiae and ecchymosis)
EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 26, 2024 9:30 AM
, -Avoid IM injections, strenuous activities, aspirin/NSAIDs/anticoagulants, or sharp foods
-Put prolonged pressure over injection/venipuncture sites
-Use electric razors, and eat cooked food (mushy/soft)
-No enemas or rectal temp., use stool softeners to avoid hemorrhoids from straining
What are safety concerns or interventions for pt going under a MRI? - answer✔✔-Preprocedural
---Screen for internal/external metal objects
---Tattoos can swell/burn, won't last long
-Procedure
---Lie very still, ear plugs available since a "crushing metal" noise can be heard
---Metal fillings in teeth may tingle
---If pt is claustrophobic may use sedatives
-Contraindications
---Pregnancy, epilepsy, implanted devices
---If use of non-iodinated contrast is used, pt with renal disease
What are safety concerns or interventions for pt going under a CT scan? - answer✔✔-
Preprocedural
---Assess for allergy to iodine, if it exists do not use contrast. If contrast needed might need
Benadryl & prednisone prescription
---Obtain written consent, may be NPO 4 hours before procedure
---Check creatinine 1st!!!
---No jewelry, tattoos don't interfere, IV access
-Procedure
---Lie very still, clicking noise should be heard
---If pt is claustrophobic may use sedatives
-Contraindications
---Weight >300 lb.
---DO NOT use in pregnancy
What are signs and symptoms of anemia. - answer✔✔-Fatigue, SOB, exertional dyspnea,
tachycardia, headache, dizziness, pallor (conjunctiva and hands)
EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 26, 2024 9:30 AM
