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RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY ACCURATE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY ACCURATE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY ACCURATEQUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
SOLUTIONS 2024
what is restorative dentistry? - ANSWER repair and restore tooth to original function using dental
materials
also protecting the pulp, so the pulp tissue does not become inflamed from materials
deciding a treatment plan for the cavity, what things need to be considered? - ANSWER location of the
tooth (consider aesthetics and chewing forces)
cavity position (what surfaces)
cavity size (should a restoration e.g. crown be considered?)
extent of the caries (is there a risk that removing all of the caries will cause pulp exposure?)
patient's wishes (materials, aesthetics, cost, type of patient
temporary restorations - ANSWER provide temporary protection until a permanent restoration has been
decided
examples include:
zinc oxide and eugenol cement
zinc phosphate cement
zinc polycarboxylate cement
examples of permanent restorations - ANSWER composite - normally for anterior teeth, but modern
alternatives allow for posterior teeth too
,GI restoration - normally in deciduous teeth because it releases fluoride
amalgam - used for posterior teeth, where strength and longevity of the restoration are more important
than aesthetics
Black's classification of cavities - ANSWER class I - one surface only
class II - at least 2 surfaces of posterior teeth (molars and premolars)
class III - interproximal surfaces of anterior teeth (mesial or distal)
class IV - interproximal surface and incisal edge of anterior teeth
class V - cervical margin of any tooth (anterior and posterior)
class VI - cusps (posterior) and incisal edges (anterior)
cavity preparation - ANSWER conserve as much of the enamel as possible to help maintain the tooth's
strength
remove the carious dentine, although the deepest layer of dentine may be conserved to protect the pulp
use of bonding agents to protect the pulp and reduce micro leakage
two types of filling materials are:
plastic and pre-constructed - ANSWER PLASTIC - they are soft and able to be moulded, but then set hard
in the cavity
e.g. all temporary cements, GIC, composite and amalgam
PRE-CONSTRUCTED - these are called inlays. They are made in the lab after the tooth has been prepared
,e.g. gold, porcelain, other ceramic materials
undercuts - ANSWER technique so that plastic fillings can retain in place once they have hardened
grooves are made in the cavity walls so the entrance has smaller dimensions than the inside. The plastic
materials are packed inside the cavity and do not move once set
for mesial and occlusal surface fillings, a dovetail effect is performed. The cavity walls are grooved so that
the filling doesn't fall out
for inlays, undercuts cannot be used because the material wouldn't fit inside the cavity
moisture control is important for restorations - ANSWER protect the patient's airway from fluid
inhalation
allow the dentist good visibility to the treatment area
moisture contamination may affect the material's ability to set
some materials used may damage the soft tissues e.g. acid etchant
examples of moisture controls - ANSWER high speed suction - wide bore aspirator attached to the
suction unit, removes fluids rapidly
low speed suction - slowly but continually removes fluids that have pooled to the floor of the mouth
absorbant materials - blowing air from the 3-in-1 syringe, or placing cotton wool rolls in the
buccal/lingual sulcas to absorb saliva and keep the soft tissues away from the teeth
rubber dam - thin sheet of vinyl material that is placed over a tooth to isolate it, keep it dry and
uncontaminated and prevent materials falling into the patient's mouth
, rubber dam instruments - ANSWER rubber dam punch - pierces a hole in the rubber dam sheet so it can
be placed over the tooth
rubber dam clamp - keeps the tooth in place and fixes onto the tooth
rubber dam frame - support the sheet while in use so it remains taut
cavity linings - ANSWER linings or bases placed before the permanent filling material
linings - used in shallow cavities to protect the pulp from chemical irritation from the filling materials e.g.
calcium hydroxide liners
bases - used in deeper cavities, protect the pulp from chemical irritation, thermal changes and pressure
e.g the cements used in temporary restorations
Micro leakage - ANSWER post restorative pulp damage caused by when bacteria seeps through gaps
between the filling and cavity walls
modern lining materials can seal the dentinal tubules and prevent micro leakage by bonding directly to
the dentine, preventing bacteria entry into the pulp tubule
examples include resin modified glass ionomer cements, but in general these materials must;
adhere to dentine
seal tubules once set
insoluble so they do not dissolve
radiopaque so they are visible under radiography
compatible with restorative materials
hydrodynamic theory - ANSWER the movement of bacteria and fluids in and out of the microscopic gaps
between cavity linings and fillings
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