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Unitek Term 2 Final Exam Questions and Answers
Unitek Term 2 Final Exam Questions and Answers
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Unitek Term 2 Final Exam Questions andAnswers
Before administering medication, what identifiers do we check ?
2 identifiers: NAME, BIRTHDAY, CARD, MEDICATION NUMBER
7 RIGHTS: patient, dose, route, time, documentation, medication, indication
When pt refuses to take medicine?
Ask questions, "tell me more why you don't want to take the medication?" and then document it
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What are comminuted fractures?
Bone broken and splintered into pieces.
Greenstick fractures?
Incomplete fractures one side is bent commonly seen in children.
S/S of fat embolism? Pg. 881-882
First sign: respiratory distress
Tachycardia, tachypnea, fever, confusion, decreased level of consciousness, petechiae
(From recording) Cyanosis, dyspnea, chest pain, tachycardia, short of breath, "petechiae"
measles like rash on the neck, upper arms, abdomen, urticaria
Purposes of cane crutches and walkers, especially canes?
Assistive devices
Purpose of cane: held on unaffected side, support, balance
Innate immunity
Immediately functional at birth
Works on any type of antigen
Acquired immunity?
Vaccinations
Specific to a particular pathogen
Activated only when needed
Not present at birth
2 types of acquired immunity: (p556-57)
Cell mediated immunity: responsible for rejection of transplanted tissues & hypersensitivity
reactions; Tc cells, primary component, Ex. Rejection of transplanted tissue graft, kidney or
heart transplant
Antibody-mediated immunity: 2 types→ active and passive
-Active: person makes their own antibodies in response to a pathogenPermanent
-Passive: antibodies produced by one person/animal are transferred to another person (ex.
Through breast milk) , Lasts 1-2 months after antibodies have been received
Highest priority nursing actions when collecting blood?
, Choosing the right blood tubing
Major complications of bone marrow and peripheral transplant of stem cells? Pg. 566
Infection, thrombocytopenia, renal insufficiency, hepatic veno occlusive disease, graft-vs-host
disease
-Infection, rejection
Type 2 diabetics: why are they checking their Hgb A1-C?
Reflects glucose levels over the past 3 months or 120 days.
For COPD pt with high PaCO2, what does that mean?
Respiratory acidosis has begun
Main characteristics of Type 1 diabetes mellitus?
Absence of endogenous insulin
Genetics
causes destruction of beta cells
Type 2 diabetes characteristics?
Beta cells are desensitized
inadequate endogenous insulin
Examples of microvascular complications?
End stage renal disease / nephropathy
Macular degeneration / retinopathy
Macrovascular complications of DM?
CAD, coronary artery disease
PVD, peripheral vascular disease
CVA, cerebrovascular accident
After knee amputation, which type of pain do you ask about?
Phantom pain - harder to control/manage
If you have a patient with BKA, and the residual limb is wrapped with elastic bandage, what are
the complications of BKA?
Pitting edema above the bandage. Nurse should remove the bandage and re-wrap the stump
If pt has a lab report of HIV infection, which lab test should be reported?
CD4 count low count
CD4 cell count of less than 200 cells/mm3
HIV pt taking Retrovir?
Check for fatal hepatic toxic reaction
Sign is jaundice
How can a pt with HIV + avoid toxoplasmosis?
Avoid cat litter boxes, handling cat fetus
HIV-1 infections? P585, table 32.3
antiviral agents (different meds to treat HIV)
Fosamprenavir (Lexiva) - prevents maturation of viral particles and are used in combination w/
other retroviral agents
emtricitabine/tenofovir(Truvada) reduces risk of HIV infection by approx. 90%
NRTIs, protease inhibitors, NNRTIs, fusion inhibitors, CCR5 antagonists, and integrase strand
transfer inhibitors
Examples mentioned in lecture: protease inhibitors such as atazanavir, fosamprenavir and
rifampin
Combination med for HIV1: truvada (p586)
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