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PSYCH UGA 1101E TEST 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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PSYCH UGA 1101E TEST 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
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PSYCH UGA 1101E TEST 2 QUESTIONSAND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2024
Memory - ANSWER learning that persists over time; it is information that has been acquired and stored
and can be retrieved
Alzheimer's disease - ANSWER begins as difficulty remembering new information, progressing to an
inability to do everyday tasks
Three measurements of memory retention... - ANSWER recall—retrieving information that is not
currently in your conscious awareness but that was learned at an earlier time. A fill-in-the-blank question
tests your recall.
recognition—identifying items previously learned. A multiple-choice question tests your recognition.
relearning—learning something more quickly when you learn it a second or later time. When you study
for a final exam or engage a language used in early childhood, you will relearn the material more easily
than you did initially.
Overlearning (Additional rehearsal) - ANSWER Increases retention
Information processing model
Hint: ESR - ANSWER encoding: get information into our brain
storage: retain that information
retrieval: later get the information back out
Parallel Processing - ANSWER The brain's processing of many thing simultaneously (both consciously and
unconsciously)
,memory forming process - ANSWER 1. sensory memory: the immediate, very brief recording of sensory
information in the memory system
2. short-term memory: activated memory that holds a few items briefly, such as digits of a phone
number while calling, before the information is stored or forgotten.
3. long-term memory: the relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. Includes
knowledge, skills, and experiences.
Working memory - ANSWER a newer understanding of short-term memory that adds conscious, active
processing of incoming sensory information, and of information retrieved from long-term memory
Explicit Memories (declarative memories) - ANSWER The facts and experiences we can consciously know
and "declare"
Effortful Processing - ANSWER Conscious encoding of explicit memories
Automatic Processing - ANSWER Unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time,
and frequency, and of well-earned information, such as word meanings
Implicit Memories (nondeclarative memories) - ANSWER retention of learned skills or classically
conditioned associations independent of conscious recollection. Occurs through automatic processing
What do implicit memories include? - ANSWER procedural memory for automatic skills and classically
conditioned association associations.
Iconic Memory - ANSWER A quickly fading visual memory, last milliseconds
chunking information - ANSWER Organizing items into familiar, manageable units- enables us to recall it
more easily
mnemonics - ANSWER Memory aids, especially those techniques that use vivid imagery and
organizational devices
,Testing effect (Retrieval practice effect or test-enhanced learning) - ANSWER Enhanced memory after
retrieving, rather than simply rereading, information.
Shallow Processing - ANSWER Encoding on a basic level, based on the structure or appearance of words (
encodes on an elementary level, such as a word's letters or, at a more intermediate level, a word's
sound.)
Deep processing - ANSWER Encodes semantically, based on the meaning of the words
Self-reference effect - ANSWER When asked how well certain adjectives describe someone else, we often
forget them; asked how well the adjectives describe us, we often remember them
According to psychologists, memory refers to the persistence of learning through all of the following
EXCEPT:
A. storage of information
B. categorizing information
C. retrieval of information
D. relearning information - ANSWER B. Categorizing information
Evidence that learning has occurred includes these three measures of retention:
A. Recognition, storage, retrieval
B. Recall, recognition, relearning
C. Recognition, encoding, storage
D. Recall, relearning, retrieving - ANSWER B. Recall, recognition, relearning
A multiple-choice test is a good example of a test of:
A. Recognition
, B. Recall
C. Retrieval
D. Relearning - ANSWER A. Recognition
Your girlfriend is talking to you, and you ask her to repeat what she just said. Before she does so, you
respond with your answer of "Yes." This is likely due to:
A. declarative memory
B. iconic memory
C. implicit memory
D. echoic memory - ANSWER D. echoic memory
Research conducted by George Sperling showed that people have something akin to a fleeting
photographic memory. This ____________ memory provides a momentary sensory memory of visual
stimuli, like a picture-image that lasts only a few tenths of a second
A. echoic
B. implicit
C. iconic
D. explicit - ANSWER C. Iconic
Our memory of facts and experiences that we consciously know and can easily declare is known as:
A. Explicit memory
B. Nondeclarative memory
C. Automatic memory
D. Implicit memory - ANSWER A. Explicit memory
Two types of conscious memories - ANSWER Semantic (facts and general knowledge) and
Episodic (experienced events)
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