Activity that directly affects endocrine glands -pain -fear -sexual excitement -stress
The _______ maintains homeostasis hypothalamus
Function of the pituitary gland secrete hormones that control the activity of other endocrine glands
Goiter visible enlargement of the thyroid gland
___ and ____...
Insulin: function ✅Lowers blood glucose level when stimulated by increase in blood
glucose
Important nursing intervention for a patient undergoing thyroid surgery ✅Keep an
emergency trache kit in the room
Seizure can be caused by ____ ✅Tumor in the pituitary gland
Normally, the thyroid is ________ ✅Not palpable
Diagnostic studies for the thyroid ✅- biopsy: mostly performed when cancer is
suspected
-ultrasonography: measures growths
-radioactive iodine uptake test: measures thyroid activity
acromegaly ✅A rare condition characterized by hyper secretion (overproduction of
hormones)
Manifestations of acromegaly ✅-thickening and enlargement of the face,feet,head, and
!!!tongue!!!
-deep voice
, -sleep apnea
-changes in vision
-headaches
-diabetes
Hypopituitarism ✅decreased secretion of pituitary hormones, usually caused by a
tumor.
Symptoms of hypopituitarism ✅-headache
-vision changes
-loss of smell
-nausea/vomiting
-seizures
hypophysectomy ✅surgical removal of the pituitary gland
Type 1 Diabetes ✅AKA juvenile-onset or insulin-dependent diabetes. The body has
little (in first stage) or no insulin.
- an autoimmune disorder caused by the destruction of pancreatic B cells
Cause of ketones in urine ✅Without insulin, glucose buildup causes the cells the
starve. To find energy, the cells break down fat which causes acids settle im urine.
type 2 diabetes ✅AKA adult-onset diabetes or non-insulin dependent diabetes.
Pancreas still produces insulin but it is not enough or the body uses it ineffectively.
-risk factors: obesity (especially in children), advanced age, family history
Important teaching for prediabetes ✅-routinely undergo screening (glucose and A1C)
-learn and manage risk factors
-monitor for symptoms of diabetes
-maintain healthy weight, exercise, and diet
Clinical manifestations of type 1 diabetes ✅-3 polys: polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia
-weight loss
-weakness
-fatigue
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