List the six steps of evidence-based practice and give an example of each. (6 pts) - 1. ASK a focused
clinical question (PICOT)- in hospital nurses, does antibacterial foam decrease bacteria count on hands
as much as hand washing with soap and water
2. ACQUIRE evidence to answer question- conduct a study
3. APPRAISE the quality of the evidence- compare your study to other studies to see if it is accurate
4. IMPLEMENT the evidence- deciding to implement washing hands in the facility after ever 3rd
sanitation with antibacterial foam
5. EVALUATE the outcome- washing hands after q 3rd sanitation with antibacterial foam
6. DISSEMINATE/share the EBP results- Tell colleagues the results regarding the sanitizing and washing
hands
Define the scope of practice and differentiate between an LPN and RN scope of practice. Give two
examples. (3pts) - Assess RN: Initial LPN: participates, re-assess
Planning: RN: Develops. LPN: participates, makes suggestions
Implement: RN: assigns, delegates, supervise. LPN: carries out supervised. Can delegate to UAP
Evaluate: RN: Modify plan of care. LPN: makes suggestions
Teach: RN: Teach. LPN: reiterate
Managing: RN: accountable for all. LPN: Not in scope
Describe the impact of Florence Nightingale on nursing and nursing education. Do you think she is still
relevant to today's nurse? Why, or why not? (2 pts) - Founded the first training school for nurses at St
Thomas hospital in London in 1806. Focused on sanitation influences by policy as well.
Famous nurse, affluent. Focused on prisons and military. Reduced mortality rate by 2% by feeding the
people and keeping them clean/sanitation/ventilation. Supervised 38 nurses. Founded first nursing
school in St. Thomas Hospital in London.
Define negligence and list the 4 main legal elements that must be present. Give one example. (6 pts) -
Unintentional harm to someone. Can be from acting or failing to act.
-duty
, -breach of duty
-causation
-harm/injury
All four must be present.
An example is giving a patient pain medication (duty), then not putting up the side rails (breach of duty),
and the patient falls (causation) and breaks a hip (harm/injury).
Discuss three traditions that have been established in nursing. Do you believe these should continue?
Provide a rationale for your answer. (5 pts) - Nursing care in the home by nuns.
Pinning ceremony - shows completion of education requirements before taking state licensing exams.
Compare and contrast advance directives, a living will, and a durable power of attorney. (3 pts) - the
ADVANCED DIRECTIVE was created to allow people the opportunity to make decisions about treatment
in advance of a time when they might become unable to participate in the decision- making process-
families can be spared the burden of having to decide what the family member would have wanted.-
LIVING WILL, individual preferences regarding treatment in the even of a serious accident or illness. It is
a legally executed document that states and individuals wishes regarding the sue of life- prolonging
medical treatment in the event that he or she is no longer competent to make informed treatment
decisions on his or her own behalf. POWER OF ATTORNEY, the role is to make the clients wishes known
to medical and nursing personnel. Chosen by the client. Can make treatment decisions on behalf of the
client.
Briefly describe the purpose of the Code of Ethics for Nurses. Why do we have a code? (2 pts) - The code
makes clear the behavior expected of its members. The ANA code of ethics for Nurses provides values,
standards, and principles to help nursing function as a profession.
According to your text, list 5 common actions that contribute to lawsuits against professional nurses. (5
pts) - Failure to assess a client appropriately
Failure to report changes in the client status to the appropriate personnel
Failure to document in the patient record falsifying documentation or attempting to alter the patient
record
Failure to report a coworker's negligence or poor practice
Failure to provide appropriate education to patients and families
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