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TEST 3 NUR 254 Questions with Complete Solutions Graded A+
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TEST 3 NUR 254 Questions with Complete Solutions Graded A+
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TEST 3 NUR 254Questions with
Complete Solutions
Graded A+
Denning [Date] [Course title]
,Hypothalamus - Correct Ans: brain region controlling the pituitary gland. Secrets CRH, GN-RH, GHRH,
SOMATSTATIN GHIH, PROLACTIN-INHIBITING HORMONE, AND TRH
pituitary gland - Correct Ans: The endocrine system's most influential gland. Under the influence of the
hypothalamus, the pituitary regulates growth and controls other endocrine glands.
adrenal cortex - Correct Ans: outer section of each adrenal gland; secretes (gluticocorticoids) cortisol,
(mineralcortocoids) aldosterone, and sex hormones
adrenal medulla - Correct Ans: secretes (catecholamines) epinephrine and norepinephrine
Anterior pituitary gland - Correct Ans: Secretes tropic hormones such as thyroid stimulating hormone
(TSH), ACTH, growth hormone (somatotropic hormone), and the gonadotropins, prolactin, melanocyte
stimulating hormone
Posterior pituitary gland - Correct Ans: (Vasopressin)ADH and oxytocin
parathyroid glands - Correct Ans: small pea-like organs that secretes parathyroid hormone (PTH) to
regulate calcium and phosphate balance in blood, bones, and other tissues
Posterior pituitary disorders - Correct Ans: diabetes insipidus
SIADH
Posterior pituitary disorders - Correct Ans: Hormone: ADH (Antidiuretic hormone)
Target: Distal tubules and collecting ducts of kidneys
Action: Increases water reabsorption
diabetes insipidus - Correct Ans: Decreased secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH, vasopressin) from
posterior pituitary
Secondary to:
Brain tumors
,Neuorsurgery
Head trauma
Clinical Manifestations Of Diabetes Insipidus - Correct Ans: Polyuria - Enormous output of "water-like
urine" w/ urine specific gravity < 1.005 (normally 1.010-1.030). ℅ nocturia.
Polydipsia - Intense thirst
Hemoconcentration - Elevated serum sodium (>145 mEq/L) and hematocrit (>50%)
Volume deficit - hypotension, tachycardia, tenting turgor, fatigue, prolonged capillary refill
Diagnostics of diabetes insipidus? - Correct Ans: Urine-Decreased urine osmolality (<200 mOsm/kg) and
urine specific gravity <1.005
Serum -Hypernatremia (Na >145 mEq/L)
Hematocrit increased (Hct >50%)
Osmolality increased (>300 mOsm/kg)
Water (fluid) deprivation test-All water withheld
Measure urine osmolality and body weight hourly
Normally urine osmolality increases to 2 to 4 times the serum. With DI the urine osmolality doesn't
increase and the serum osmolality continues to increase
CT or MRI to assess for cause (if not apparent)
Management of Diabetes Insipidus - Correct Ans: Replace Fluids:
P.O. water
Hypotonic IV fluids if unable to take p.o. (D5W)
Monitor for hyperglycemia, volume overload and slowly decreasing the serum sodium
Replace ADH:
Desmopressin (DDAVP) or Vasopressin (Pitressin) - synthetic ADH (SQ, IN, or oral).
, Monitor U/O, serum electrolytes, fluid status (skin turgor, cap refill, daily weight)
Complications of diabetes insipidus - Correct Ans: Dehydration/hypovolemia/circulatory collapse
Hypernatremia w/CNS dysfunction (seizures, confusion, coma, etc.)
Nursing Diagnosis Diabetes Insipidus - Correct Ans: FVD, Risk for ineff therap regimen
Nursing Interventions Diabetes Insipidus - Correct Ans: Assess:
VS, weight, I&O, Visual acuity, Serum Na/osmolality/Urine specific gravity
Do:
Administer DDAVP, IVFs, p.o. fluids, mouth care
Teach:
Daily weights, Manifestations, FVE, Medications
The functioning of the endocrine system works on what type of system?
Negative feedback system
Positive feedback system
Alternating negative and positive feedback system
Closed loop system - Correct Ans: Negative feedback system
What is it referred to when an endocrine gland itself causes the hypersecretion or hyposecretion of a
hormone?
Primary disorder
Secondary disorder
Tertiary disorder
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