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Nursing Pharmacology Questions And Answers With Correct Answers 2024/2025.
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Nursing Pharmacology Questions And Answers With Correct Answers 2024/2025.
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Nursing Pharmacology Questions And Answers With Correct Answers 2024/2025.Absorption - ANSWER the process by which drug molecules move from their site of administration to the blood
Affinity - ANSWER the ability of some tissues to attract, accumulate and store drugs in high concentrations relative to other tissues
blood-brain barrier - ANSWER Blood vessels (capillaries) that selectively let certain substances enter the brain tissue and keep other substances out
diffusion - ANSWER process by which molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to an area where they are less concentrated
distribution - ANSWER the transport of drugs throughout the body after they are absorbed
drug-protein complexes - ANSWER formed when a drugh that binds reversibly to a plasma protein, particularly albumin, that makes the drug unavailable for distribution to its site of action
enterohepatic recirculation - ANSWER recycling of drugs and other substances by the circulation
of bile through the intestine and liver
enzyme induction - ANSWER process by whick a drug increases the activity of the hepatic microsomal enzymes
excretion - ANSWER the process of removing substances from the body
first-pass effect - ANSWER mechanism whereby drugs are absorbed enter into the hepatic portal circulation and are inactivated by the liver before they reach the general circulation
fetal-placental barrier - ANSWER special anatomic barrier that inhibits many chemicals and drugs from entering the fetus
hepatic microsomal enzyme system - ANSWER as it relates to phamacotherapy, liver enzymes that metabolize drugs as well as nutrients and other endogenous substances, sometimes called the P-
450 System
isozymes - ANSWER multiple similar forms of an enzyme that perform slightly different metabolic functions
loading dose - ANSWER relatively large dose of a drug given at the beginning of treatment to rapidly obtain a therapeutic response
maintenance doses - ANSWER amount of drug that keeps the plasma drug concentration in the therapeutic range metabolism - ANSWER the process used by the body to chemically change a drug molecule, also
called biotransformation
minimum effective concentration - ANSWER amount of drug required to produce a therapeutic effect
pharmacokinetics - ANSWER study of drug movement throughout the body
plasma half-life - ANSWER the length of time required for the plasma concentration of a drug to decrease by one half after administration
prodrugs - ANSWER drugs that become more active after they are metabolized
substrate - ANSWER drug that is metabolized by a CYP enzyme
therapeutic drug monitoring - ANSWER practice of monitoring plasma levels of drughs that have
low safety profiles and using the data to predict drugh action or toxicity
therapeutic range - ANSWER dosage that produces the desired effects of a drug
toxic concentration - ANSWER level of drug that results in serious adverse effects
agonist - ANSWER drug that activates a receptor and produces the same type of response as the
endogenous substance
antagonist - ANSWER agent that blocks the response of another drug
dose-response relationship - ANSWER the way a patient responds to varying doses of a drug
efficacy - ANSWER the maximal response that can be produced from a particular drug
frequency distrubtion curve - ANSWER a graphic representation of the actual number of patients responding to a particular drug action at different doses
idiosyncratic response - ANSWER unpredictable and unexplained drug reaction
intrinsic activity - ANSWER the ability of a drug to bind to a receptor and produce a strong action
margin of safety (MOS) - ANSWER the amount of drug that is lethal to 1% of anmals divided by the amount of drug that produces a therapeutic effect in 99% of the animals
median effective dose (ED50) - ANSWER the dose of a drug required to produce a specific therapeutic response in 50% of a group of patients
median lethal dose (LD50) - ANSWER the dose of a drug that will kill 50% if a group of animals
median toxicity dose (TD50) - ANSWER the dose that will produce a given toxicity in 50% of a group of patients
partial agonist - ANSWER medication that produces weaker or less efficacious response than an agonist
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