Understanding Patho: Quiz 1 - Electrolytes &
Immunity - Exam 1 Questions With Verified
Answers
What makes up approximately _______ percent of lean body weight in men?
women? - answermen = 60%.
women = 50%.
what fraction of water is in the intracellular space?
extracellular space? - answerint...
EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 30, 2024 11:26 AM Understanding Patho: Quiz 1 - Electrolytes & Immunity - Exam 1 Questions With Verified Answers What makes up approximately _______ percent of lean body weight in men? women? - answer✔✔men = 60%. women = 50%. what fraction of water is in the intracellular space? extracellular space? - answer✔✔intracellular = two -thirds. extracellular = one -third. Is the ICF or ECF subdivided into more categories? what are these? - answer✔✔ECF. Into intravascular and interst itial. What percentage of the ECF is intravascular fluid? interstitial? - answer✔✔intravascular 25%. (4 -5%) interstitial 75%. (15 -16%) EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 30, 2024 11:26 AM because most of the water is in the cells, volume changes are generally associated with: - answer✔✔change in serum osmo lality and electrolyte concentrations. the distribution of body fluids follows this rule: - answer✔✔60-40-20 rule. 60% of the total body weight is water. 40% of the body weight in cells in intracellular fluid (2/3 of total body weight). 20% of the body weight is water outside of the cells. (1/3 of the total body weight). Other minute fluids within the ECF: - answer✔✔Lymph, synovial, intestinal, CSF, sweat, urine, pleural, peritoneal, pericardial, and intraocular fluids. So a 100kg man (220lbs) has about ____ kg/liters of plasma. - answer✔✔5 kg A 70 kg man has _____ TBW. ___ kg ICF. _____kg ECF. ________kg plasma - answer✔✔42 kg. 28 kg. 14 kg. 3-3.5 kg. water is what percentage of pediatrics body weight is water? - answer✔✔75-80%. therefore, children are susceptible to: - answer✔✔significant changes in body fluids. EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 30, 2024 11:26 AM Why is there a decrease percent of total body water with aging? - answer✔✔1. decreased free fat mass and decrease muscle mass. 2. renal decline. 3. diminished thirst pe rception. What are the most significant causes of dehydration in children? - answer✔✔1. urine loss. 2. fever which increases respirations and transpiration = sweating. Why are overweight individuals at a higher risk for dehydration than those at normal we ights? - answer✔✔overweight individuals have lower amounts of total body weight due to adipose tissue being unable to contain water. attractive forces that concerns ions ability to attract water. - answer✔✔osmotic forces. concerns how water primarily move s. Osmotic vs. Hydrostatic forces - answer✔✔Osmotic forces are attractive forces that pull water across the membrane. Hydrostatic forces are mechanical forces that push water across the membrane. (from capillary to interstitial or vice versa). What allows movement of water across the membrane? - answer✔✔aquaporins. allows water to move through diffusion. How must ions travel across the plasma membrane? - answer✔✔through channels, carriers and pumps. They move in a more limited manner. Starling forces describes the forces that are: - answer✔✔affecting movement of fluid between cells and spaces. The starling forces also describes the net filtration as: - answer✔✔the forces that are favoring filtration minus forces opposing filtration. Primary sou rces of water intake include - answer✔✔1. drinking water orally. EXAM STUDY MATERIALS July 30, 2024 11:26 AM 2. food consumption. 3. oxidative metabolism. Largest amount of water is lost through - answer✔✔urination What ions and substances move freely across the membrane? which do not? - answer✔✔water, Na+ and glucose. protein. What is the term for the concentration of osmotically active particles in solution? - answer✔✔osmolarity. osmolarity = - answer✔✔(# of particles in solution) X (concentration of particles) If two solutions have the same osmo larity, they are: different, with lower osmotic pressure: different with higher osmotic pressure: - answer✔✔isosmotic. hyposmotic. hyperosmotic. The ________________ law calculates the osmotic pressure of a solution. - answer✔✔van't Hoff law. compares concentrations. two solutions with same osmotic pressure: - answer✔✔isotonic If the two solutions differ in osmotic pressure, we use terms relative to the __________ the cell. - answer✔✔ICF, inside. salty/high osmotic pressure called:
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