Exam (elaborations)
N450 Hemodynamic (1)
- Course
- Institution
N450 Hemodynamic (1)
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
modockochieng06
Content preview
N450 HemodynamicThree components of hemodynamic monitoring - ANS-pressure, flow, and oxygenation
Three different functions the heart does - ANS-It's a pump, it's an organ, and it has its own
electrophysiological component
Electrophysiological pathway of the heart - ANS-SA node, internodal pathways, AV node,
Bundle of HIS, L&R bundle branches, purkinjie fibers
Depolarization - ANS-Contraction.
(The process during the action potential when sodium is rushing into the cell causing the interior
to become more positive.)
Repolarization - ANS-Resting.
Return of the cell to resting state, caused by reentry of potassium into the cell while sodium
exits the cell.
AV valves - ANS-Tricuspid & Bicuspid (or mitral) (tri before you bi)
Semi-lunar valves - ANS-pulmonary and aortic
S1 - ANS-Closing of AV valves, beginning of systole. Louder and longer than S2 (Lub)
S2 - ANS-AV valves are open. End of systole, beginning of diastole (Dub)
SA Node heart rate - ANS-60-100 bpm
AV node heart rate - ANS-40-60 bpm
Purkinjie fibers heart rate - ANS-20-40 bpm
P wave represents - ANS-atrial depolarization (contraction).
Should be upright. 0.06-0.12 seconds.
Variation: Disturbance in conduction w/in atria.
QRS complex - ANS-<0.03 seconds
ventricular depolarization. Represents time taken for depolarization of both ventricles.
MI may result in development of Q wave wider than or equal to >0.03 seconds
, T wave represents - ANS-ventricular repolarization (relaxation). Should be upright & well
rounded. Less than half the height of the QRS complex.
Disturbances caused by electrolyte imbalance, ischemia, or infarction.
PR interval time - ANS-0.12-0.20 seconds. Measure from beginning of P wave to beginning of
QRS.
variation: Disturbance in conduction usually in AV node, bundle of His, or bundle branches. Can
be atria as well.
QRS interval time - ANS-0.06-0.12 seconds
pulse pressure - ANS-difference between systolic and diastolic pressure (normally about 1/3 of
SBP)
increased? exercise or atherosclerosis of larger arteries.
decreased? heart failure or hypovolemia
Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) - ANS-The average pressure within the arterial system felt by the
organs in the body
MAP calculation - ANS-(SBP + 2DBP)/3
A MAP of 60 mm/Hg is needed to adequately perfuse & sustain vital organs. Normal average is
70-105 mm/Hg
cardiac output - ANS-The volume in liters of blood pumped by each ventricle in ONE MINUTE.
normal cardiac output - ANS-4-8 L/min
Cardiac output is comprised of which components - ANS-Stroke volume and heart rate
Stroke Volume (SV) - ANS-The volume of blood ejected with each heartbeat
normal 60-150 ml/beat
Stroke Volume varies based on - ANS-Preload, Afterload, Contractility
Preload - ANS-The volume within the ventricle at the end of diastole.
[degree of stretch of the cardiac muscle fibers at the end of diastole]
Afterload - ANS-The forces opposing ventricular ejection including systemic arterial pressure,
the resistance by the aortic value, and the mass and density of the blood to be moved.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller modockochieng06. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75323 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now