Ultimate Guide: Biology MCQs for Aptitude and Entrance Exams
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MCAT
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MCAT
The document titled "Ultimate Guide: Biology MCQs for Aptitude and Entrance Exams" is a comprehensive collection of multiple-choice questions (MCQs) designed to aid students in their preparation for various aptitude and entrance exams. This resource includes a diverse range of questions covering fu...
MOST IMPORTANT BIOLOGY MCQ’S FOR APTITUDE TESTS 1. How many types of nucleotides are found in deoxyribonucleic acid? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 EXPLANATION: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is composed of four types of nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a sugar molecule (deoxyribose), and one of four nitrogenous bases: adenine (A), thymine (T), cytosine (C), and guanine (G). These four nitrogenous bases are what differentiate one nucleotide from another in DNA. Adenine pairs with thymine, and cytosine pairs with guanine, forming the complementary base pairs that stabilize the DNA double helix structure. 2. Which of the following polysaccharide is not entirely composed of glucose subunits? A) Lactose. B) Starch. C) Glycogen. D) Cellulose. EXPLANATION: Lactose is not a polysaccharide; it is a disaccharide composed of one glucose molecule and one galactose molecule. Starch, glycogen, and cellulose are all polysaccharides made entirely or predominantly of glucose subunits. Starch is the storage polysaccharide in plants, glycogen is the storage polysaccharide in animals, and cellulose is a structural polysaccharide found in the cell walls of plants. 3. Which of the following disaccharides is shown below? A) Galactose. B) Maltose. C) Lactose. D) Sucrose . EXPLANATION: Sucrose is a common disaccharide, often referred to as table sugar or cane sugar. Chemically, it is composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose joined together by a glycosidic bond. It is found naturally in many plants, particularly in sugar cane and sugar beet, and it is commonly used as a sweetener in food and beverages worldwide. Sucrose is water -soluble and provides a source of energy for organisms when broken down through digestion. 4. Which of the following is not a function of protein? A) Helps in digestion of food. B) Carries genetic information. C) Fights against the invading pathogens. D) Helps in transport of oxygen. EXPLANATION: Proteins are complex macromolecules essential for various biological functions, but carrying genetic information is not one of them. The correct storage and transmission of genetic information are primarily facilitated by nucleic acids, specifically DNA and RNA. Proteins, on the other hand, serve diverse roles in the body, including enzymatic activity, structural support, immune response, and transport of molecules. Option A, helping in the digestion of food, is accurate as many digestive enzymes are proteins that catalyze the breakdown of food molecules. Option C, fighting against invading pathogens, is also correct, as antibodies and other immune system components are proteins involved in the body's defense mechanisms. Finally, option D, helping in the transport of oxygen, refers to hemoglobin, a protein found in red blood cells responsible for binding and carrying oxygen throughout the body. Therefore, the correct answer is B) Carries genetic information, as proteins are not primarily responsible for storing or transmitting genetic material. 5. Which of the following protein structures is represented by the diagram given below? A) Primary structure. B) Secondary structure. C) Tertiary structure. D) Quaternary structure.
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