Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
Describe the 5 main sub-cellular organelles of an animal cell
Answer: 1)Nucleus: controls the cell 2)Mitochondria: where aerobic respiration occurs 3)Cytoplasm: jelly-like substance in which other sub-cellular organelles are suspended 4)Ribosomes: make proteins for the cell 5)Cell membrane: controls what enters and leaves the cell, and separates once cell from another
2.
What is a eukaryotic cell?
Answer: A relatively large cell with a nucleus, such as an animal cell
3.
What is a prokaryotic cell?
Answer: A cell without a nucleus, such as a bacterial cell. Typically smaller than a eukaryotic cell
4.
Describe the 7 main sub-cellular organelles of a bacterial cell
Answer: 1)Flagella: allows for movement, with some cells having many and others none 2)Cell wall: supports the cell to hold its shape, separates one cell from another 3)Cytoplasm: jelly-like substance in which other sub-cellular organelles are suspended 4)Cell membrane: controls what enters and leaves the cell 5)Plasmids: small loops of DNA that control only a few activities 6)Chromosomal DNA: controls most of the cell\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s activities, as bacteria have no nuclei 7)Ribosomes: make proteins for the cell
5.
How is a red blood cell specialised for its purpose?
Answer: It has a bi-concave disk shape to increase surface area and no nucleus, allowing more oxygen to be carried
6.
How is a fat cell specialised for its purpose?
Answer: It can expand to store more fat, and has no mitochondria as the cell itself doesn\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'t need energy
7.
How is a muscle cell specialised for its purpose?
Answer: The proteins slide over each other to allow movement, and the cell has many mitochondria to provide energy
8.
How is a sperm cell specialised for its purpose?
Answer: It has a streamlined shape with many mitochondria and a flagella for efficient \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\"swimming\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\" (movement). It. has enzymes in the acrosome to allow entry into the the egg cell
9.
How is an egg cell specialised for its purpose?
Answer: It has a nutrient-rich cytoplasm with a protective jelly coat. The cell membrane hardens after fertilisation to stop more sperm from entering
10.
How is a digestive cell specialised for its purpose?
Answer: It has microvilli to increase the surface area
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