Exam (elaborations)
Glucose Regulation Questions and Revised Answers 2023/2024 Version.
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Glucose Regulation Questions and Revised Answers 2023/2024 Version.
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GlucoseRegulation
Glucose
Regulation
The
process
of
maintaining
optimal
blood
glucose
Glycogen
The
major
form
of
stored
glucose,
primarily
in
the
liver
and
muscle
cells.
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Glycogenesis
The
breakdown
of
glycogen
to
glucose.
Gluconeogenesis
The
process
of
producing
glucose
from
non-carbohydrate
sources.
Glycosylated
Hemoglobin
(HbA1C)
A
standardized
test
that
measures
how
much
glucose
permanently
attaches
tot
he
hemoglobin
molecule;
is
often
used
to
indicate
the
effectiveness
of
blood
glucose
control
measures.
Scope
of
Glucose
Regulation
Hyperglycemia
Euglycemia
Hypoglycemia
B)
Cortisol
C)
Epinephrine
D)
Growth
Hormone
E)
Glucagon G)
Norepinephrine
Which
hormones
help
prevent
hypoglycemia?
A.
Aldosterone
B.
Cortisol
C.
Epinephrine
D.
Growth
hormone
E.
Glucagon
F.
Insulin
G.
Norepinephrine
H.
Proinsulin
Hyperglycemia
A
result
of
insufficient
insulin
production
or
secretion,
excessive
counterregulatory
hormone
secretion,
or
from
deficient
hormone
signaling.
Signs
and
Symptoms
of
Hyperglycemia
Reduced
cognition
Tremors
Diaphoresis
Weakness
Hunger
Headache
Irritability
Seizures
Diabetes
Mellitus
A
group
of
disorders
characterized
by
chronic
hyperglycemia
and
disturbances
in
carbohydrate,
protein,
and
fat
metabolism.
Acute
Complications
of
Diabetes
Diabetic
Ketoacidosis
Hyperglycemic-Hyperosmolar
State
(HHS)
Hypoglycemia
ALL
THREE
PROBLEMS
REQUIRE
EMERGENCY
TREATMENT
AND
CAN
BE
FATAL
IF
TREATMENT
IS
DELAYED
OR
INCORRECT! Chronic
Complications
of
Diabetes
Chronic
Hyperglycemia
Glucose
Toxicity
Chronic
Ischemia
Macrovascular
Complications
of
Diabetes
Cardiovascular
Disease
Cerebrovascular
Disease
Reduced
Immunity
Microvascular
Complications
Eye
and
Vision
Complications
Diabetic
PN
Diabetic
AN
Diabetic
Nephropathy
Sexual
Dysfunction
Cognitive
Dysfunction
Factors
Leading
to
Nerve
Damage
Hyperglycemia,
long
duration
of
DM,
hyperlipidemia
Damaged
blood
vessels
Increased
genetic
suspectibility
Smoking,
nicotine,
and
alcohol
use
Indications
for
Testing
People
for
Type
2
Diabetes
Testing
for
diabetes
is
considered
at
any
age
in
adults
with
a
BMI
greater
than
25
kg/m2
(or
greater
than
23
kg/m2
in
Asian
Americans)
with
one
or
more
of
these
additional
risk
factors:
Have
a
first-degree
relative
with
diabetes
Are
physically
inactive
Are
members
of
a
high-risk
ethnic
population
(e.g.,
African
American,
Hispanic
American,
American
Indian,
or
Pacific
Islander)
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