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Nurs 615 Pharm Exam 1 - Maryville.
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Nurs 615 Pharm Exam 1 - MaryvilleAccording to the WHO what is the first step in the prescribing process? - The first step is
to define the patient's problem
Acids give ___ to bases - Hydrogen
Activation of Alpha 2 receptors results in - Decreases of HR and BP
adrenergic agonsists are made of 2 groups called... - catacholemine, non catacholemine
adverse drug reactions associated with use of beta-blockers include (22) - nausea,
diarrhea, bronchospasm, dyspnea, cold extremities, exacerbation of Raynaud's,
syndrome, bradycardia, hypotension, heart failure, heart block, fatigue, dizziness,
alopecia, abnormal vision, hallucinations, insomnia, nightmares, sexual dysfunction,
erectile dysfunction, and or alteration of glucose and lipid metabolism
Adverse effects associated with beta-2 adrenergic receptor antagonists' activity will
include - bronchospasm, peripheral vasoconstriction, alteration of glucose and lipid
metabolism, specifically hyperlipidemia, impaired insulin release. These are less common
with the beta 1 selective or cardio selective agents but receptor selectivity diminishes at
higher doses.
All cholinergic blockers are used to treat - spastic or hyperactive conditions of the GI and
urinary tracts because they relax muscles and decrease GI secretions. These drugs may
be used to relax the bladder and to treat urinary incontinence. The quaternary ammonium
,and amine compounds such as propantheline are the drugs of choice for these conditions
because they cause fewer adverse reactions than belladonna alkaloids. •
Alpha 1 leads to inhibition of renin release which effects BP by - Renin is excreted by the
kidneys and helps to lower BP
Alpha 1 leads to... - vasoconstriction, dialation of pupil, contraction, urinary retention,
glycogenolysis, inhibition or renin release
ALpha 1 receptors are located mainly on... - Vascular smooth muscle (blood vessels,
arteries, veins, urinary sphincters,)
Alpha 2 receptors affect the pancreas by - inhibiting insulin production
Alpha 2 recpetors are generally considered to work with the..... - GI system
Alpha blockers end in "zosin" are mostly used for - BPH and sometimes HTN. Adverse
effects of orthostatic hypotension. They block the effects of catecholamines at the alpha 1
receptors in vascular smooth muscle and also smooth muscle of the bladder neck and
prostate
An example of type 2 hypersensitivity is the - ABO blood incompatibility where the red
blood cells have different antigens causing them to be recognized different. B-cell
proliferation will take place in antibodies until foreign blood types are produced. IgG and
IgM antibodies bind to these antigens to form complexes that activate the classical
, pathway of the complement activation to eliminate cells presenting foreign antigens. that is
mediators of acute inflammation are generated at the site and the membrane attack of
complexes cause cell lysis and death. This reaction takes between hours to a day.
Another place to find Beta 1 receptors is on the X, which releases X - Kidney, renin; which
increases BP
Anticholinergic Drugs - The anticholinergics and antispasmodics are a group of medicines
that include the natural belladonna alkaloids (atropine, belladonna, hyoscyamine, and
scopolamine) and related products.
Anticholinergic drugs are used to treat a variety of conditions, such as - GI disorders like
gastritis, diarrhea, pylorospasm, diverticulitis, ulcerative colitis, nausea and vomiting;
genitourinary disorders cystitis, urethritis, prostatitis; respiratory disorders like asthma,
chronic bronchitis, COPD, sinus bradycardia due to hypersensitive vagus nerve, insomnia
although usually only for a short term basis, dizziness including vertigo, motion sickness
related symptoms.
Anticholinergics are divided into three categories in accordance with their specific target in
the central and - or peripheral nervous system, this includes/ antimuscarinic agents,
ganglionic blockers, and neuromuscular blockers.
Anticholinergics produce muscarinic blockade against acetylcholine. Muscarinic receptors
are all over the body. The goal of administration is to compete with - acetylcholine at those
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