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PSYCOLOGY CUMULATIVE EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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Exam (elaborations) Psycology Psychology
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AP Psychology Exam Practice with correctanswers 2024
Learning that certain events occur together is called... - answer-associative
learning
conditioning is the process of... - answer-learning associations
By directly experiencing a thunderstorm, we learn that a flash of lightning
signals an impending crash of thunder. This best illustrates... - answer-
classical conditioning
Seals in an aquarium will repeat behaviors, such as slapping and barking,
that prompt people to toss them a herring. This best illustrates... - answer-
operant conditioning
As you enter the kitchen after school you an smell chocolate chip cookies
baking. This scent causes you to salivate. Your salivation is best explained
by... - answer-classical conditioning
The researcher most closely associated with the study of classical
conditioning is... - answer-Ian Pavlov
A dog's salivation at the sight of a food dish is a... - answer-conditioned
response
Sweating in hot weather is an example of an... - answer-unconditioned
response
,AP Psychology Exam Practice with correct
answers 2024
In Pavlov's experiments on the salivary conditioning of dogs, a Conditioned
Response was... - answer-sight of the food in the bowl
In classical conditioning, the _____ signals the impending occurrence of
the ______ - answer-Conditioned stimulus; unconditioned stimulus
For the most rapid acquisition of a conditioned response, the conditioned
stimulus should be presented... - answer-shortly before the unconditioned
stimulus
After Pavlov had conditioned a dog to salivate to a tone, he repeatedly
sounded the tone without presenting the food. As a result, ______
occurred. - answer-extinction
Spontaneous recovery refers to the... - answer-reappearance, after a
pause, of an extinguished conditioned response
After receiving a painful shot from a female nurse in a while uniforms, 3-
year-old Vaclav experiences fear of any woman wearing a white dress.
Vaclav's reaction best illustrates... - answer-generalization
Dr. Kingston emphasizes that learned fears reflect the interacting
influences of a person's inborn emotional reactivity, family life history, and
capacity to generalize from previous experiences. Dr. Kingston's emphasis
best illustrates... - answer-a biopsychosocial approach
,AP Psychology Exam Practice with correct
answers 2024
An automatic response to some stimulus is called... - answer-respondent
behavior
In which form of learning is behavior said to be influenced by its
consequences? - answer-operant conditioning
The psychologist most closely associated with the study of operant
conditioning was... - answer-B.F. Skinner
The process of reinforcing successively closer approximations to a desired
behavior is called... - answer-shaping
On Monday, Johnny's mother gave him cookies and milk after he had
played quietly for 10 minutes. On Tuesday, she required 20 minutes of
quiet play before treat time, and on Wednesday, the cookies were given to
him only after a fully half hour of quiet play. Johnny was taught to play quiet
for extended periods through... - answer-shaping
In shaping a dog to "shake," the command "shake" would be the _____.
When the dog slightly moves its paw, this would be an ______. - answer-
discriminitive stimulus; operant behavior
Any stimulus that, when presented after a response, strengthens the
response is called a.... - answer-positive reinforcer
, AP Psychology Exam Practice with correct
answers 2024
Because Mandisa always picked up her newborn daughter when she cried,
her daughter is now a real crybaby. In this case, picking up the infant
served as a _____ for crying. - answer-positive reinforcer
Any stimulus that, when removed after a response, strengthens the
response is called a... - answer-negative reinforcer
Mason, a stockbroker, runs two miles every day after work because it
reduces his level of stress. Mason's running habit is maintained by a
______ reinforcer. - answer-negative
Receiving delicious food is to escaping electric shock as _____ is to
______. - answer-Positive reinforcer; negative reinforcer
What is the difference between a primary and a conditioned reinforcer? -
answer-Primary reinforcers are unlearned and innately satisfying;
conditioned reinforcers are learned.
Despite the painful hangovers that follow his use of alcohol, Boris continues
to drink because just a couple of drinks begin to reduce his anxiety. His
continued drinking most clearly illustrates the power of... - answer-
immediate reinforcement
On the first day of class, Professor Wallace tells her geography students
that pop quizzes will be given at unpredictable times throughout the
semester. Clearly, studying for Professor Wallace's surprise quizzes will be
reinforced on a _____ schedule. - answer-variable-interval
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