COMSAE ALL Exam Questions With Solutions
COCAINE intoxication impaired judgement, pupil dilate, hallucination (coke bugs)
sudden cardiac death; paranoid ideations, angina
Tx: alpha blockers/ benzos
caution B block bc can cause unopposed alpha
Osteoporosis histo trabecular and cortical bone lo...
COMSAE ALL Exam Questions With Solutions COCAINE intoxication impaired judgement, pupil dilate, hallucination (coke bugs) sudden cardiac death; paranoid ideations, angina Tx: alpha blockers/ benzos caution B block bc can cause unopposed alpha Osteoporosis histo trabecular and cortical bone lose mass and interconnection despite normal bone mineralization assoc w/ Colles fracture - distal radial fracture; fracture of femoral neck Gilbert Syndrome mild dec UDP glucuronosyltransferase conjugation and impaired bilirubin uptake; asymptomatic or mild jaundice>> inc unconjugated bilirubin w/o hemolysis; w/ fasting and stress Crigler Najjar ABSENT UDP glucuronsyltransferase; early in life; die few years find: jaundice, kernicterus (in brain) inc unconjugated bilirubin; COMSAE ALL Exam Questions With Solutions tx: plasmapheresis and phototherapy; type II respond phenobarbital Dubin Johnson Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia b/c defective liver excretion; grossly black liver Benign Rotor syndrome milder in presentation w/o black liver impaired hepatic uptake and excretion wilson Disease copper transporting ATPase; ATP7B on Chromosome 13 s/s: before 40 yo, liver dz, neurodisease, psych dz, Kayser Fleischer ring, hemolytic anemia, renal dz; find: dec serum ceruloplasmin, inc urine copper tx: chelation w/ penicillamine or Tridentine, oral zinc COMSAE ALL Exam Questions With Solutions Hemochromatosis recessive, HFE, chromosome 6; abnormal iron sensing, increase intestinal absorb find: inc ferritin, inc iron, dec TIBC, inc transferrin saturation identify w/ Prussian blue stain/ liver MRI Hemochromatosis finds after age 40 >20 iron; triad: cirrhosis, DM, skin pigmentation; dilated cardiomyopathy, hypogonadism, arhtropathy; HCC is common cause death Treatment Hemochromatosis repeat phlebotomy, chelation deferasirox, deferoxamine, oral deferiprone Wolff Parkinson White Syndrome MC ventricular pre excitation syndrome abnml fast atria to ventricle (bundle of Kent); bypasses AV node>> ventricles begin partially depolarization earlier (NOTED BY DELTA WA VE ON EKG) widened QRS and shortened PR COMSAE ALL Exam Questions With Solutions Conduction pathway heart SA node> atira> A V node> bundle HIS, R and L bundle branches> purkinje fibers> ventricles L branch anterior/posterior fascicles Edema inc capillary pressure dec plasma proteins (dec oncotic capillary pressure) inc capillary permeability increase interstitial fluid colloid oncotic pressure Celiac Disease setting: 14 mo kid losing weight eating lots of foods; histology: crypt abnormalities (hyperplasia); villous atrophy, lymphocytic infiltration presents as malabsorbtion (diarrhea etc in kids) in adults= short stature, anemia delayed puberty
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