Complex human actions are the product of the interaction of the id, ego, and superego. Each
constituent contributes to personality in its manner. Below is a deeper look at these critical
aspects of the personality and how they work independently and in tandem.
The id is the fundamental element of personality as it is the source of all cognitive energy. It is
the only aspect of one's personality that happens from infancy. The id uses primary process
thought and tries to overcome the tension produced by the enjoyment theory, which involves
creating a psychological image of the desired thing to fulfil the want.
The ego arises from the id and ensures that the id's impulses are reflected appropriately in
real life. It is the aspect of personality that deals with reality. Secondary process thought is
another way the ego releases anxiety caused by unmet impulses.
The superego emerges when a child is about five years of age. It holds the internalized moral
values and principles that we derive from our parents and culture. It develops and refines our
behavior. It strives to make the ego behave on ideological principles rather than pragmatic
values.
, Question 2
Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a five-tiered model of human interests that is used in psychology.
Physiological, safety, love and belonging needs, esteem, and self-actualization are from the
bottom of the hierarchy.
1. Physiological needs include air, food, shelter, clothing, and sex. If these
requirements aren't fulfilled, the human body won't function at its best.
Psychological needs take precedence over all other conditions since they must be
fulfilled first.
2. 2. Safety needs - Security and protection become more relevant once a person's
physiological needs are met. These needs can be fulfilled on a domestic level. Only a
few examples include emotional security, financial security, social stability, and
fitness.
3. Needs for love and belongingness- The need for interpersonal connections
drive conduct. Friendship, receiving, giving affection are examples of these
qualities.
4. Confidence needs- divided into two categories: self-esteem and the desire for
others’ appreciation. Recognition or credibility is the most critical need for
children and teenagers, coming before true self-esteem or dignity.
5. The concept of self-actualization refers to a person's potential realization, fulfilment,
personal growth, and peak experiences. This degree symbolizes the desire to achieve one's full
potential and become the best version of oneself. Individuals may interpret or reflect on this
need in a very specific way.
When addiction is broken, the person no longer feels the need to use alcohol or drugs to
survive. It means they will advance in the hierarchy beyond physiological needs. The person
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