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IB SEHS Semester 1 Exam Review Questions with answers
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IB SEHS Semester 1 Exam ReviewQuestions with answers
Four types of bone - -Long, short, flat, irregular
-Vertebral column from top to bottom - -Cranium, cervical vertebrae,
thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal
-Ends and shaft of the long bones - -Epiphysis and Diaphysis
-Distinguish between the anatomical function of the axial and appendicular
skeleton - -Axial: protection
Appendicular: mineral storage, produce blood cells
-Descriptor of synovial joints - -Freely moveable
-What movement characteristics apply to cartilaginous joints? - -Slight
movements between intervertebral discs
-The humerus is inferior/superior to the femur - -Superior
-The ulna is proxmial/distal to the scapula - -Distal
-The patella is posterior/anterior to the scapula - -Anterior
-The tibia is lateral/medial to the sternum - -Lateral
-What factors affect the stability of a joint? - -Surrounding cartilage, how the
joint is used, tendons and ligaments
-Fibrous joints and example - -Allows for movement; parts of the skull
-Cartilaginous joints and example - -Allows for slight movement, ribs and
sternum
-Synovial joints and example - -Allows for full motion/movement; shoulders
-Strong, flexible tissues that connect bone to bone - -Ligaments
-Semi-lunar discs of fibrocarilage that are found between come articulating
bones, for example between the femur and tibia in the knee joint - -
Meniscus
-What type of synovial joint is the spine and elbow - -Pivot
, -What type of synovial joint is the hip and shoulder - -Ball and socket
-What type of synovial joint is the wrist and center of chest - -Gliding
-What type of synovial joint are the knuckles - -Condyloid
-What type of synovial joint is the knee - -Hinge
-Where are bursae commonly found? Describe them and their function - -
Commonly found in areas between ligament and bone; small sacs filled with
fluid that help reduce friction during movement
-Define cartilage - -Tissue that helps absorb shock and protect other soft
tissues
-Why can an ACL injury be so devastating for an athlete? - -Takes a long
time to heal, can injure other parts of the body
-Characteristics of cardiac muscle - -Striated and involuntary
-Connective tissue that surrounds a muscle - -Epimysium
-Connective tissue that encloses a bundle of muscle fibers - -Perimysium
-Bundle of muscle fibers - -Fascicle
-Connective tissue wrapped around each muscle fibers - -Endomysium
-Strong cord of fibrous connective tissue; extends from the muscle to the
bone - -Tendon
-Muscle cell - -Fiber
-Small fibers that are found in a muscle fiber; consists of thick and thin
myofilaments - -Myofibril
-The muscle that goes from the lower hip and femur to the lateral tibia - -
Bicep femois
-The muscle that goes from the lumbar, thoracic, and cervical vertebrae and
ribs up along the length of the spine - -Erector spinae
-The muscle that goes from the anterior sternum and clavicle to the
humerus - -Pectoralis major
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