Penn Foster Veterinary Pharmacology Final Exam with Complete Solutions Describe how drugs affect the nervous system Correct answer Drugs affect the nervous system by acting at the synaptic junctions to promote neurotransmitter's activity, mimic their actions, or block them from acting. Identify examples of respiratory drugs Correct answer Expectorants, mucolytics, antitussives, bronchodilators, decongestants List which drugs are used to relieve pain and inflammation Correct answer NSAIDs, Opioids, Antihistamines, muscle relaxers, steroids, nerve blocks Summarize the difference between ophthalmic and otic drugs Correct answer Ophthalmic drugs are used for the eyes Otic drugs are used for the ears Describe how antiparasitic drugs work Correct answer Antiparasitic drugs work by destroying parasites or inhibiting their growth. Most work by interfering with the parasite's nervous system to prevent them from moving. Agonist Correct answer Drug that has affinity for a receptor/stimulates receptor into action Contraindications Correct answer A reason not to use a drug in a particular situation Efficacy Correct answer the degree to which a drug produces its desired response. Over -The-Counter (OTC) drug Correct answer One that may be purchased without prescription from a veterinarian Penn Foster Veterinary Pharmacology Final Exam with Complete Solutions Prescription Drug Correct answer One that must be used under the supervision of a veterinarina Receptor Correct answer a group of specialized molecules on or in a cell that bind with a drug to produce an effect Therapeutic Index Correct answer expresses the relationship between a drug's therapeutic and harmful effects Withdrawl Time Correct answer Amount of time that must elapse between the end of drug therapy and elimination of that drug from patients tissues or products Veterinarian -client -patient relationship Correct answer Relationship that must exist between the vet, the patient, and the owner before prescription drugs can be dispensed. List 4 sources of drugs used in Vet Med Correct answer Animal product, plant material, minerals, synthetic products What are 4 components of a drug regimen? Correct answer Dose, route, frequency, and duration of administration. Discuss the conditions that must be met before a valid veterinarian -client -patient relationship can be shown to exist Correct answer 1. Vet must assume responsibility for making clinical judgments in relation to health of the animal. 2. Vet must have recently seen the animal and be acquainted with it's care. 3.Vet must be available for follow -up care of the animal Penn Foster Veterinary Pharmacology Final Exam with Complete Solutions List 11 possible routes for administering a drug to a patient. Correct answer Oral, subcutaneous, intramuscular, intravenous, intraperitoneal, intraarterial, intracardiac, intramedullary, inhalation, topical, intradermal List some of the factors that influence drug absorption Correct answer Method of absorption, pH of the drug and ionization status, absorptive surface area, blood supply to area, solubility of drug, dosage form, status of GI tract, and interactions with other drugs Most biotransformation occurs in the_____ Correct answer Liver Most drug excretion occurs via the ______ Correct answer Kidneys Drugs usually produce their effects by combining with specific cellular_____ Correct answer Receptors The drug name chosen by the manufacturer and is exclusive property of that company is called Correct answer Trade/Proprietary Name What are the 6 items that must be included on drug label? Correct answer names (generic and trade) concentration, quantity, name and address of manufacturer, control or lot number, expiration date What are three government agencies that regulate the development, approval, and use of animal health products? Correct answer FDA, EPA, USDA Why do many vet clinics dispense rather than prescribe most of the drugs that they use? Correct answer Profit earned from selling products Penn Foster Veterinary Pharmacology Final Exam with Complete Solutions Describe the marketing of animal health products Correct answer Purchased from manufacturers, distributors, or generic mail order companies. May be sold only one label to graduate veterinarians and under another as over -the-counter All FDA -approved veterinary drugs are listed in the publication entitled_____ Correct answer The Green Book What is the purpose of FARAD? Correct answer Provides resources concerning the avoidance of drug residues in animals FARAD Correct answer Food Animal Residue Avoidance Databank Extralabel veterinary drug use was made legal (under prescribed circumstances) by what act of congress? Correct answer Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act (AMDUCA) Compounding Correct answer Diluting or combining existing drugs What are potential dangers of residues in animal products Correct answer May cause allergic reaction or neoplasia in people, may cause the development of antibiotic -resistant strains of bacteria List 3 classes of drug interactions Correct answer Pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and pharmaceutic Drug interaction can be anticipated when two drugs are given that are both metabolized by the_____ Correct answer Liver Ethical Product Correct answer one sold only through veterinarians as a policy of the manufacturer rather than by FDA requirement
