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68W LPC - Test #1 Study Guide
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68W LPC - Test #1 Study Guidechain of infection - ANS-infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission,
portal of entry, susceptible host
Vehicle to Transmissions (8) - ANS-Direct Contact; Indirect Contact; Human Carrier;
Airborne; Water Borne; Food-Born; Vectors; Blood-Born
Single most useful and effective means of breaking chain of infection - ANS-Hand
washing
What is the most frequent mode of disease transmission? - ANS-direct contact
Normal Cause of Infection - ANS-Phase 1: Incubation period
Phase 2: prodromal stage
Phase 3: full stage of illness
Final Phase (4): convalescent stage
Spores - ANS-Protect certain bacteria and become resistant to the environment and can
cursive extreme conditions of light, dying and many chemicals. Spore forming bacteria
are most difficult to control and destroy
Pathogenic Bacteria - ANS-Neisseria causes gonorrhea, upper respiratory infections
and infectious meningitis.
Droplet Diseases - ANS-Meningitis, Pneumonia, Diphtheria, Streptococcal Pharyngitis,
Influenza, Mumps, and Rubella
contact precautions - ANS-Diseases include drug-resistant gastrointestinal, respiratory,
skin and wound infections, hepatitis A, herpes simplex virus, and acute diarrhea
Response to infection - ANS-Incubation - When the Pathogen Enters the Body
Prodromal Stage - onset of initial symptoms
Full Stage of Illness - symptoms are acute and specific to the type of infection
Convalescent Stage - acute symptoms subside
nosocomial infection - ANS-a disease acquired in a hospital or clinical setting
Potential reservoirs for pathogenic growth in clinical setting - ANS-IV Fluids
, Foods
Biological Materials
Equipment
host resistance - ANS-Naturally occurring body floras have an antibiotic relationship
with pathogens and contribute to an individual's health
side effects - ANS-Negative effects or actions other than the desired actions
Contraindications - ANS-Situations where you would NOT administer the medication
because it may do more harm than good
Therapeutic Effects - ANS-Expected positive effect of a drug
What factors increase a pathogen's virulence? - ANS-- Ability to produce enzymes that
destroy blood cells
- Ability to produce enzymes that stop normal blood clotting
- Ability to produce enzymes that consume muscle fibers
- Ability to form protective capsules
What microorganism needs a host to make protein and energy? - ANS-Virus
trade name - ANS-The name a pharmaceutical company gives to a drug. It could also
be referred to as the brand name.
Indications - ANS-The reason the medication is administered is actuallly guided by the
conditions being treated
Route - ANS-How the medication is administered
Dose - ANS-How much of the medications is administered
Mechanism of Action - ANS-Certain responses expected in the body can also be
described as chemical reaction — how the drug works
Side Effects - ANS-Negative effects or actions other than the desired actions
Contraindiciations - ANS-Situations where you wouldn't administer the medication
because it may do more harm than good. Preexisiting conditions commmonly result in a
contraindication
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