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HOSA Biomedical Laboratory Test ALL – Q’s and A’s
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HOSA Biomedical Laboratory Test ALL – Q’s and A’s
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HOSA Biomedical Laboratory TestALL – Q’s and A’s
-cytes - -have round or oval nuclei
--phils - -have segmented nuclei
-3 major renal functions - -glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption,
tubular secretion
-A-T and C-G - -base pairs in DNA
-acanthocyte - -multiple, irregular, club-shaped projections from cell surface
-activation energy - -Energy needed to get a reaction started
-active site - -The location in the enzyme that substrate fits within.
-adenine - -the base that always pairs with T
-Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) - -A nucleotide that serves as an energy
storing molecule.
-Aerobic respiration - -Utilizing oxygen to release the energy from sugar
molecules.
-agglutination - -clumping of RBCs
*life threatening*
-Airborne - -Transported by air
-allele - -one of a number of different forms of a gene
-amino acid - -Building blocks of protein
-Amino acids - -The subunits of proteins; each contains a central carbon
atom attached to an amino group, a carboxyl group, and a distinctive "R"
group.
-amino group - -NH2
-Amylopectin - -A plant starch with branched glucose chains.
-Amylose - -A plant starch with unbranched glucose chains.
, -Anaerobic respiration - -Releasing the energy from sugar molecules in the
absence of oxygen.
-Anatomy - -The structure and organization of living things.
-anisocytosis - -variation in size of RBC
*normal for cattle*
-Antibiotics - -Molecular agents derived from fungi and/or bacteria that
impede the growth and survival of some other microorganisms
-Antibodies - -proteins developed by the immune system that recognize
specific molecules (antigens)
-anticodon - -a region of a tRNA molecule that consists of a sequence of
three bases that is complementary to an mRNA codon
-antiparallel - -(adj.) two lines that run parallel, but in opposite directions
-Applied science - -the practice of utilizing scientific knowledge for practical
purposes, including the manufacture of a product
-Asepsis - -A condition free of pathogenic organisms
-Autoclave - -An apparatus for sterilizing that uses superheated steam
under pressure
-autosome - -chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
-Bacteria - -Unicellular organisms; disease causing agents
-bacteriophage - -viruses that infect bacteria
-base - -A, T, C, G are examples of these molecules which form the 'rungs'
of the DNA ladder
-base pairing - -principle that bonds in DNA can form only between adenine
(A) and thymine (T) and between guanine (G) and cytosine (C)
-base pairing rules - -the rules stating that in DNA cytosine pairs with
guanine and adenine pairs with thymine and that in RNA cytosine pairs with
guanine and adenine pairs with uracil
-base sequence - -the order of nitrogenous bases on a DNA chain
, -basophils - --stain bluish-purple
- nucleus is similar to monocytes
-Biochemistry - -The study of chemical reactions occurring in living things
-Bioethics - -the study of decision-making as it applies to moral decisions
that have to be made because of advances in biology, medicine, and
technology
-Biohazardous - -Any material that has been in contact with body fluids & is
capable of transmitting disease
-bioinformatics - -the science of managing and analyzing biological data
using advanced computers. Especially important in analyzing genomic
research data
-Biotechnology - -the study and manipulation of living things or their
component molecules, cells, tissues, or organs
-Bloodborne - -Capable of being transported in blood
-bone marrow eval - -performed when unexplainable results are present in
CBC
-buffy coat - -contains WBC & platelets
-Carbohydrates - -One of the four classes of macromolecules; organic
compounds consisting of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, generally in a 1:2:1
ratio.
-carboxyl group - -COOH
-catalyst - -A substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction.
-CDC - -abbreviation for Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;
national research center for developing and applying disease prevention and
control, environmental health, and health promotion and education activities
to improve public health
-cell - -the basic unit of any living organism that carries on the biochemical
processes of life
-Cell wall - -A specialized organelle surrounding the cells of plants, bacteria,
and some fungi; gives support around the outer boundary of the cell.
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