ARDMS RVT URR PATHOLOGY PT 2
EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
ANSWERS { GRADED A+}
An AV fistula is present connecting the femoral artery and the vein at the right
groin. The doppler evaluation of the common femoral artery will demonstrate what
flow pattern?
A. biphasic flow with increase d...
An AV fistula is present connecting the femoral artery and the vein at the right
groin. The doppler evaluation of the common femoral artery will demonstrate what
flow pattern?
A. biphasic flow with increase diastolic flow reversal
B. monophasic with increased diastolic flow
C. monophasic with animal diastolic flow
D. peaked, triphasic waveform - ✔✔B. monophasic with increased diastolic flow
The low resistance venous connection causes decreased resistance and monophasic
flow proximal to the fistula.
,A patient presents with intermittent left lower leg swelling for several months. The
popliteal vein demonstrates a collapsed appearance with echogenic, thickened
walls. These findings are most consistent with:
A. proximal venous stenosis
B. vasculitis of the popliteal vein
C. acute femoral DVT
D. chronic popliteal DVT - ✔✔D. chronic popliteal DVT
Chronic
DVT will become echogenic as it becomes more fibrosis while attached to the vein
wall. The fibrous material limits the pliability of the walls leading to a semi-
collapsed appearance. Acute femoral DVT would cause a dilated popliteal vein.
Thrombolytic therapy is used to treat:
A. venous insufficiency
B. chronic venous disease
C. acute arterial occlusion caused by thrombus
,D. chronic deep vein thrombosis - ✔✔C. acute arterial occlusion caused by
thrombus
Thrombolytic drugs are used in medicine to dissolve blood clots. Thrombolytic
therapy is used to treat extensive acute DVT and acute arterial obstruction by
thrombus.
A patient presents for a carotid ultrasound due to recent episodes of near syncope.
Other symptoms include shortness of breath and pedal edema. Noticeable
respiratory variation in the peak velocities of the carotid arteries is present. What
cardiac complication should be suspected?
A. mitral stenosis
B. tricuspid stenosis
C. low cardiac output
D. cardiac tamponade - ✔✔D. cardiac tamponade
Cardiac tamponade is a critical finding the requires pericardiocentesis. Severe
pericardial effusion within the fibrous pericardium caused extrinsic compression of
the right heart chambers. Respiratory variation in arterial flow velocities will
occur. Flow diminishes with inspiration and normalizes with expiration. Another
sign of cardiac tamponade is pulses alternates. Pulsus Alternates - the peak systolic
, velocity alternates between two levels with each beat. Pulsus Alternates is also
associated with dilated cardiomyopathy and constrictive pericarditis.
A patient complains of right leg pain and color changes in the leg. When he lies
down, the entire leg becomes pale. When he sits up on the edge of the bed, the
entire right leg becomes reddened. The left leg is asymptomatic. These findings are
most suggestive of:
A. significant aortic obstruction
B. right popliteal stenosis
C. significant right iliac stenosis
D. deep venous reflux - ✔✔C. significant right iliac stenosis
allow and dependent rumor are indications of significant arterial disease. The
unilateral presentation indicates the obstruction is blocking flow to just the right
leg. The entire leg experiences the color change, so the blockage must be at the
groin = right iliac.
A patient presents with gangrene of the foot and toes. The most likely cause of
these symptoms is:
A. extensive deep and superficial vein thrombosis
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