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Ch.5-Sensory & Perception Development & Attention questions and answer.
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Ch.5-Sensory & Perception Development& Attention
According to Lambert & Drack, what time period is considered to be a 'critical period' in
visual development? - correct answer-Although the visual system has some plasticity
throughout childhood, the first 3 months of life are considered critical
According to your text, when can they perceive a 'meaningful face'? - correct answer--Infants
truly perceive a meaningful face at 2-3 months.
-Infants smile when they see faces ass though they recognize them as familiar and
appreciate their significance.
At what age can babies use it (common motion) to help identify contour/figure? - correct
answer-o all parts of an object should move in same direction
o can use common motion to perceive contours / object edges & to detect depth
Contour: Young infants pay attention to patterns that have a large amount of light-dark
transition. They are responsive to sharp boundaries between light and dark areas.
developed @ 4 months
Describe hearing changes in infancy - correct answer-• infants orient to soft sound (
trapezoid body ) & startle / retreat from loud sounds
• infants recognize & prefer mother's voice
• infants biologically prepared for speech
o recognize ALL phonemes @ birth
@ birth : can't hear soft sounds well, less sensitive to pitch
@ 3 months : perception of sound improves
@ 6 months : can localize sound
@ 2 years : can distinguish sounds with different pitches
Describe olfactory capability at 1 wk. - correct answer-breast fed babies recognize mother's
smell @ 1 week
Describe the changes in vision with age (4) - correct answer-o decline in visual acuity
o decline in color vision
o decline in depth perception
o potential for diseases of the eye
Describe the Dalmation dog video - correct answer-
Describe the development of attention from infancy to adolescence - correct
answer--Newborn: attention is captured by movement and sound
, -2-3 years: average 18 minutes
-4 years: can ignore intermittent but not constant distraction
-6 years> 1 hr, more systematic
Fant'z experiment on infant visual perception-what did they prefer to look at? - correct
answer-•Fantz perception box--->"looking chamber" which had two visual displays on ceiling
above infant's head; experimenter viewed infant's eyes by looking through peephole
o allowed examiner to determine how long infant looked at each display
o important discovery = infants look at different things for different lengths of time
o infants only 2 days old look longer at patterned stimuli ( like faces & concentric circles )
than at red, white, or yellow disks
o infants 2 - 3 weeks old looked at patterns longer than at red, yellow, or white disks
o research method by Fantz = visual preference method
Hearing acuity at birth--can babies hear before birth? - correct answer-· Babies can hear
before birth
· Hearing acuity good at birth
o More developed than vision
· Orient to soft sounds (trapezoid body); startle and retreat from loud ones
· Recognize/prefer mother's voice
· Biologically prepare for speech
o Recognize ALL phenome at birth
How much decline is there in actual light reaching the retina? - correct answer-@ 60 years
old à retina receives only about 1/3 as much light as it did @ 20 years of age
Speech perception issues - correct answer-Older adults typically have more difficulty
understanding conversation than younger adults do
· Age-related declines in auditory sensitivity are partly responsible, but cognitive declines
also seem to contribute to declines in speech preception among older adults
· Auditory perception is more difficult for older adults when they are new and complex
· Overall, most older adults only have mild hearing loss, for high-frequency sounds and only
minor problems understanding everyday speech
Taste and smell--does early experience affect later taste preference? - correct answer-Has
taste capabilities at birth (sweet, sour, bitter, etc)
· Preference for sweet
· Responsive to early experience
o Sour/ bitter exposure from 2 weeks thru 7 months leads to sour preference at 4-5 years
Visual cliff experiments: when do babies perceive the visual cliff? When do they fear it? Who
were the experimenters? - correct answer-Campos:
o Perceives a difference, interest, @ 2 months
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