This chapter contains notes on the basics of hematology. Topics include but are not limited to definition of hematology and common lab procedures, basic cell morphology, types of white blood cells, and a basic math walk-through of absolute vs. relative count.
For more in-depth explorations of t...
Answer: Hematology is the study of blood AND blood disorders. This includes conditions like anemias, leukemias, lymphomas and more.
2.
What is the purpose of a Sysmex CBC Testing
instrument?
Answer: The Sysmex CBC Testing instrument provides
complete blood counts and histograms that
offer a comprehensive view of a patient\'s
health.
3.
How do relative and absolute counts differ in
the context of WBC analysis?
Answer: Relative counts show the percentage of each
WBC type in a 100-cell count, while absolute
counts provide the total number of each WBC
type in the entire sample.
4.
What is the most abundant WBC type?
Answer: Neutrophils
5.
What should you suspect if there is a drastic increase of eosinophils in a patient sample?
Answer: Parasite infection
6.
How is the absolute count of a specific WBC
type calculated from a given WBC count and
differential percentages?
Answer: To calculate the absolute count, multiply the
WBC count by the percentage of each WBC
type. For example, for segmented neutrophils
at 40%, it would be WBC count x 0.40.
7.
Describe the role of red blood cells (RBCs) in
the body.
Answer: Red blood cells are responsible for carrying
oxygen from the lungs to the body\'s tissues
and removing carbon dioxide. They play a
crucial role in maintaining proper oxygen
levels in the body.
8.
Explain the significance of WBC morphology
in hematology.
Answer: White blood cell morphology is important for identifying various infections, disorders, and abnormalities in the immune system. Changes in WBC morphology can provide
valuable diagnostic information to healthcare professionals.
9.
Define hemoglobin (Hgb)
Answer: Hemoglobin is the protein in RBCs that carries oxygen to tissues and transports carbon dioxide back to the lungs.
10.
What is hematocrit (HCT)?
Answer: HCT is a calculated parameter that represents
the percentage of blood volume occupied by
red blood cells.
Content preview
HEMATOLOGY OVERVIEW AND CBC PARAMETERS
WHAT IS HEMATOLOGY?
Hematology is the study of blood and blood
disorders.
CBC (Complete Blood Count)
Differential
ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation rate)
Coagulation tests
o INR
o PT
o APTT
o Fibrinogen
D-Dimer
Semen analysis
Bone marrow
SYSMEX CBC TESTING
The Sysmex is a widely used instrument that analysts can use for
complete blood counts. The information the instrument gives is not only the
count values and whether or not the sample is within a set reference range,
, but also histograms that represent a more complete picture of patient
health.
On the image below, each dot on the first histogram represents a white
blood cell. Clumps can indicate monocytes, neutrophils, etc.
NOTE: reference ranges that are given by the Sysmex instrument in the
example photo are not set ranges for each lab and each patient. Ranges
may differ for a given demographic and should be taken into account when
analyzing a Sysmex data sheet.
WBC – WHITE BLOOD COUNT
WBC doesn’t differentiate between males and females but do differ from
stages of life (example: children are expected to have different counts of
some WBCs than adults)
Normally between 4.0-11.0 x 109/L
Shape, size, and function vary among the 5 different types of WBCs,
however, the purpose of a WBC is to aid in the body’s immune
function
Increased in bacterial infections and leukemias
Decreased in viral infections
Neutrophils only live for hours whereas memory lymphocytes (B-
cells) can live for years to store the information your immune
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