ComD 5070 exam 1 Acoustic Analysis
A 45 Hz bandwidth would be considered to be _______ __________. - correct
answer-Narrow Bandwidth
A wide-band spectrogram is how many Hz? - correct answer-300 Hz
All sounds originate with __________. - correct answer-- MOVEMENT
- VIBRATION of air molecules
Characteristics of a wide-bandwidth. - correct answer-- VERTICAL striations are GLOTTAL
PULSES
- ACCURATE TIME measures
Characteristics of narrow- bandwidth. - correct answer-- HORIZONTAL bands are
HARMONICS
- TIME measures are NOT accurate
Describe a graphical representation of a nearly periodic sound. - correct answer-- spectrum
does not have "pure" lines
- there are some peaks but there is some spread around the base of the peaks (which
represents the imperfection/NOISE that is present in EVERY human voice
FOURIER TRANSFORM - correct answer-- take a time domain wave form (such as a mic
sig.)
- analyze it in such a way to create a spectrum which shows what the individual components
are
- analogy: take white light and put in through a prism and seeing the different colors that
come out
- going from one view of a signal to another view
Give 3 examples of vibration from different sound sources. - correct answer-1) VIBRATING
string of an instrument
2) OSCILLATION of the vocal cords
3) TURBULENCE in air molecules leaving a tire
Harmonic Series: - correct answer-- harmonics are MULTIPLES of the FUNDAMENTAL
- each line represents the harmonic frequencies
- has nothing between the lines (NO ENERGY BETWEEN the components)
If it is not harmonic in the voice, then it is ______. - correct answer-NOISE
If the ARTICULATION is disordered then we know something is wrong with the ______
________ __________, necessitating a change in __________. - correct answer--
MOVEMENT OF THE ARTICULATORS
- FILTER
, If the VOICE is disordered then we know something is wrong with the ______ ________
__________, necessitating a change in __________. - correct answer-- VOCAL FOLD
MOVEMENT
- SOURCE
LINE SPECTRUM: - correct answer-- SNAPSHOT in time
SOURCE/FILTER THEORY OF SPEECH basic principle: - correct answer-- SOURCE refers
to the VOICE (sound coming out of the larynx from the vocal folds
- FILTER refers to what the vocal fold does to SHAPE the SOUNDS that the larynx sends
into it (ARTICULATION)
SPECTROGRAM - correct answer-- show speech OVER TIME (progression)
- shows individual spectral slices that are arranged side by side overtime
- they can show us how the frequency components can change overtime
- very useful because speech is rapid succession with whole series of spectral
characteristics
Spectrograms are created from ______ ________. - correct answer-Digital Recordings
T/F. A Speech Spectrogram is both a Time Domain Display and a Frequency Domain
Display. - correct answer-TRUE.
- it is a COMBINATION of both
- it shows how the STRENGTH in each FREQUENCY in CHANGING over TIME
T/F. A SPEECH WAVE is similar to a simple SINE WAVE. - correct answer-FALSE.
- speech waves are EXTREMELY COMPLEX because there are so many structures that
contribute to the sound
T/F. Acoustic Analysis can tell us everything about vocal tract movements. - correct
answer-FALSE
- There are LIMITATIONS
- it is useful but it doesn't perfectly reflect a linear 1:1 way the precise movements that went
into making that sound
T/F. If your sample rate is TOO LOW you can always "up-sample" later. - correct
answer-FALSE.
- there is no way to "up-sample because you CAN'T REPLACE info that wasn't in the original
recording.
T/F. The human voice is nearly periodic. - correct answer-TRUE.
- the human voice has a fundamental and harmonics that are multiples of the fundamental
T/F. With regard to the human voice, the upper harmonics get progressively weaker as you
go up in frequency. - correct answer-TRUE
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