WGU-C109: Elementary Math
Methods-Unit Summary Notes
While the United States does have national standards____________________. (Unit 2:
National, State, & Local Standards) - ANS--each state has ultimate control over the
standards they choose.
The five math process/practice skills (Principles and Standards for School Mathematics,
PSSMs) (Unit 2: National, State, & Local Standards) - ANS-1. representation
2. communication
3. reasoning and proof
4. connections
5. problem-solving
Representation: (Principles and Standards for School Mathematics, PSSMs) (Unit 2:
National, State, & Local Standards): - ANS--means to model and use multiple
representations.
Communication: (Principles and Standards for School Mathematics, PSSMs) (Unit 2:
National, State, & Local Standards): - ANS--means that students are given opportunities
to use precise math language and notation.
Reasoning and Proof: (Principles and Standards for School Mathematics, PSSMs) (Unit
2: National, State, & Local Standards): - ANS--means that students are evaluating
conjectures and analyzing evidence/
Connections: (Principles and Standards for School Mathematics, PSSMs) (Unit 2:
National, State, & Local Standards): - ANS--means that students are developing
relationships between mathematics being learned and the real-world/other content
areas.
Problem-Solving: (Principles and Standards for School Mathematics, PSSMs) (Unit 2:
National, State, & Local Standards): - ANS--means that students are taking time to
self-assess or monitor and reflect on their mathematical work.
A lesson only needs to address_______________________ to be effective. (Principles
and Standards for School Mathematics, PSSMs) (Unit 2: National, State, & Local
Standards): - ANS--a small portion (math standard).
, Constructivism Theory (Piaget): (Unit 3: Instructional Strategies): - ANS--a learning
theory based on the idea that knowledge is constructed and not merely transferred.
Everyone builds knowledge by making connections in their brains to prior knowledge
and prior academic learning that they already have.
-When you use constructivist techniques in your classrooms your students will become
more active, rather than passive, learners.
Constructivism: (Unit 3: Instructional Strategies): - ANS--helps students make
connections and build (i.e., construct) meaning and understanding of mathematics in
their own minds as they work through problems on their own, and with help from peers
or from the teacher.
Conceptual Understanding: (Unit 3: Instructional Strategies): - ANS--students
demonstrate conceptual understanding when they generate examples of concepts and
when they identify and apply mathematical principles to real-world examples.
Socioculture Theory (Vygotsky): (Unit 3: Instructional Strategies): - ANS--assumes
active meaning-seeking on the part of the learner.
-an important aspect of sociocultural theory is that the way in which information is
internalized, or learned, depends on whether it was within a learner's zone of proximal
development (ZPD)
Teachers who use sociocultural strategies encourage students
to____________________________________________. (Unit 3: Instructional
Strategies): - ANS-- frequently assess how the activity is helping them to gain
understanding.
-by questioning themselves and their strategies, students in the sociocultural classroom
ideally become expert learners.
Cooperative learning is a term that describes________________________________.
(Unit 3: Instructional Strategies): - ANS--an instructional arrangement for teaching
academic and collaborative skills to groups of students.
According to the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics, learning
environments____________________________________________________. (Unit 3:
Instructional Strategies): - ANS--should be created that promote active learning and
teaching, classroom discourse, and individual, small-group, and whole-group learning.
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