Exam (elaborations)
BICH 411 FINAL REVIEW.
- Course
- Institution
BICH 411 FINAL REVIEW.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
modockochieng06
Content preview
BICH 411 FINAL REVIEWwhat pathways is glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate present in? - ANS-- glycolysis
- gluconeogenesis
- pentose phosphate pathway (non-oxidative phase)
what is the name of the product when glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate is oxidized and
phosphorylated? - ANS-1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
what is TRUE of the oxidation and phosphorylation mechanism of GAP? - ANS-- the
reaction is catalyzed by a dehydrogenase
- this enzyme utilizes covalent catalysis
- this mechanism begins with a nucleophilic attack at C1 of the molecule shown above
- this rxn generates an e- carrier via a hydride transfer from the molecule shown above
what happens when the liver takes up sugar from the blood stream under fed state? -
ANS-the liver will show increased uptake of galactose with diminished affinity for
glucose compared to other cell types
the use pf phosphocreatine in the muscles is best described for: - ANS-substrate level
phosphorylation
what is the primary biosynthetic function of FRUCTOSE in the liver when blood sugar
levels are HIGH? - ANS-fat biosynthesis
what is the primary biosynthetic function of GALACTOSE in the liver when blood sugar
levels are HIGH? - ANS-glycogen biosynthesis
what is the primary biosynthetic function of GLUCOSE in the liver when blood sugar
levels are HIGH? - ANS-glycogen biosynthesis
molecules that are produced by catabolism but can be used in anabolism: - ANS-ATP
and NADPH
thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) - ANS-function is to stabilize resonance of a carbanion
to facilitate bond breaking
if lactate recycling is occurring, how many nucleotide triphosphates would have to be
invested to form 100 glucose molecules? - ANS-600
, how many ATP would be yielded from anaerobic metabolism in the muscle if a sucrose
molecule was oxidized to form pyruvate? - ANS-4
positive allosteric effector of PFK? - ANS-AMP
positive allosteric effector of pyruvate carboxylase? - ANS-acetyl CoA
what is the cost of generating NADPH from a single glucose-6-phosphate molecule? -
ANS-1 CO2
concerning levels of e- carriers within the cell: - ANS-- high NAD+/NADH ratio is to allow
for efficient use of glycolysis under low energy conditions
- low NADP+/NADPH ratio is to ensure e- availability for biosynthesis
- NADH serves as the e- supplier for the anabolic pathway gluconeogenesis where an
alpha-keto acid is used to generate an aldose
- NADPH levels are directly related to the flux through the oxidative phase of the
pentose phosphate pathway
the active site lysyl residue is utilized for: - ANS-resonance stabilization of a negative
charge to facilitate bond breaking
glycogen degradation involves: - ANS-- sensing of low energy conditions for allosteric
activation
- use of debrancing enzyme to move glucose residues from each branch point
- conversion of glucose-1-phosphate to glucose-6-phosphate
- activity of phosphoglucomutase
concerning glycogen phosphorylase, what could account for activation of the R-state? -
ANS-- high levels of AMP
- low levels of ATP
- high levels of cAMP
- binding of epinephrine at cell surface
cellular impacts of the binding of glucagon at the surface of a hepatocyte: - ANS--
phosphorylation of glycogen synthase
- activation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase
- activation of adenylyl cyclase
- enhanced rates of glycogenolysis
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller modockochieng06. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $7.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75323 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now