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pathophysiology exam 1 UNMC
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pathophysiology exam 1 UNMCtrue or false: afferent sensory fibers carry pain impulses from nociceptors to the brain -
ANS-true
the ______ is a region in the dorsal spinal cord where modulation of pain impulses
occurs
a. afferent sensory region
b. S and L fiber complex
c. Substantia gelatinosa
d. Central transmission (T) cell - ANS-c. substantia gelatinosa
regarding the Gate Control Theory of Pain, select the one FALSE statement
a. L fibers stimulate (excite) BOTH the T cell and the SG
b. S fibers inhibit BOTH the SG and the T cell
c. The action of the SG is to inhibit the T cell
d. The T cell collects all pain coming through this system - ANS-b. S fibers inhibit
BOTH the SG and the T cell
According to the Gate control theory of pain which would decrease pain perception?
a. stimulation of S fibers
b. stimulation of the T cell
c. Inhibition of L fibers
d. stimulation of SG - ANS-d. stimulation of SG
Which would increase pain perception?
a. stimulation of S fibers leading to more stimulation of the T cell
b. inhibition of S fibers leading to less stimulation of the SG
c. inhibition of L fibers leading to less stimulation of the T cell
d. Stimulation of L fibers leading to more stimulation of the SG - ANS-a. stimulation of S
fibers leading to more stimulation of T cell
if a large amount of hypotonic solution was added to the ECF, which is most likely to
happen?
a. fluid would not move between compartments
b. the ECF would become dehydrated
c. cells would shrink
d. fluid would move from the ECF to ICF - ANS-d. fluid would move from the ECF to
ICF
,which skin disorder is an allergic reaction, and has red, oozing crusty lesions?
a. Varicella zoster
b. contact dermatitis
c. herpes simplex
d. atopic dermatitis - ANS-d. atopic dermatitis
a patient has extremely high blood pressure. what will this most likely lead to?
a. increased capillary oncotic pressure leading to to filtration out of capillary
b. increased capillary hydrostatic pressure leading to filtration out of capillary
c. decreased interstitial oncotic pressure leading to fluid staying in the capillary
d. increased interstitial hydrostatic pressure leading to filtration out of capillary - ANS-b.
increased capillary hydrostatic pressure leading to filtration out of capillary
a patient has major burns, causing increased capillary permeability, which is likely to
occur?
a. increased interstitial oncotic pressure
b. decreased interstitial oncotic pressure
c. increased capillary hydrostatic pressure
d. increased capillary oncotic pressure - ANS-a. increased interstitial oncotic pressure
facial twitching and muscle spams are most likely in which electrolyte abnormality?
a. hyperkalemia
b. hypokalemia
c. hypocalcemia
d. hypercalcemia - ANS-c. hypocalcemia
to try to correct hypercalcemia, the body will do all of the following EXCEPT:
a. decrease renal activation of vitamin D
b. decrease renal reabsorption of CA+
c. increase renal excretion of PO4
d. decrease resorption of CA+ from bone - ANS-c. increase renal exertion of PO4
mast cell degranulation leads to:
a. capillary vasoconstriction and edema formation
b. increased capillary permeability and capillary vasodilation
c. decreased capillary permeability and vasospasm
d. damage to capillary channels - ANS-b. increased capillary permeability and capillary
vasodilation
, who "owns" all the major blood groups antigens, and therefore can receive any blood
type?
a. a person who is AB-
b. a person who is O-
c. a person who is O+
d. a person who is AB+ - ANS-d. a person who is AB+
which skin disease/condition presents as blue-black, flat, irregular borders?
a. squamous cell carcinoma
b. malignant melanoma
c. basal cell carcinoma - ANS-b. malignant melanoma
where in the body can you find an artery that turns into a vein?
a.in the kidneys
b. all over the body
c. in the Brain
d. in the heart - ANS-b. all over the body
who is at risk for alterations in fluid and electrolyte imbalance?
a. 75 yr old with congestive heart failure
b. premature infant
c. 25 yr old smoker
d. all of the above - ANS-d. all of the above
what is filtration? - ANS-the movement of fluid in and out of the capillary, across the
capillary membrane and between plasma and interstitial fluid
what are the four pressures that affect filtration? - ANS--capillary hydrostatic pressure
-capillary oncotic pressure
-interstitial hydrostatic pressure
-interstitial oncotic pressure
what is capillary hydrostatic pressure? - ANS-The pressure or force caused by the flow
of fluid inside the capillary
what is capillary oncotic pressure? - ANS-the osmotic pull generated by large molecules
in the capillary
what is interstitial hydrostatic pressure? - ANS-The pressure or force caused by the flow
of fluid in the interstitial space
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