Summary
Summary 4. water and aquatic food production systems and societies
- Course
- Institution
- Book
Chapter 4 for the ESS IB syllabus. The notes are in great detail and basically replace the book.
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
More summaries for
-
IB ESS COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE
-
3. Biodiversity and Conservation
1 review
By: luciaartiedagonzalez • 4 year ago
Seller
Followivanstanisavljevic
Reviews received
Content preview
4. Water, aquatic food production systems and societies4.1 Introduction to water systems
The hydrological cycle:
World’s water cycle is driven by then sun
Allows constant recycling of water between the oceans, the atmosphere
and the land
o Movement between these storages is known as hydrological cycle
Fresh water and Earth’s water:
Oceans play vital role in hydrological cycle: 74% of total precipitation
falls over oceans and 84% of all evaporation comes from oceans
Only 2.5% is freshwater
o 87% in ice caps and glaciers
o 12% is groundwater
o Rest in lakes, rivers, soil, atmospheric water vapor
Cycle has two main inputs: solar energy and precipitation
Two major outputs: evapotranspiration and runoff
, Flows:
o Evotranspiration (combined loss of water though transpiration and
evaporation
o Sublimation (ice changing to water vapor)
o Condensation (water vapor changing to liquid)
o Evaporation (liquid to gas)
o Precipitation
o Freezing
4.2 Access to fresh water
Effect of climate change:
Likely that over next few decades some areas will become drier as result of
global warming, so water resources will be reduced
Increasing demand for water:
Concept of water scarcity: water availability to the demands of water
Demand for water increases with population growth, the need for more
food, industrialization and urbanization
70% water use for farming
20% water use for industry
As societies become richer, demand for water increases
4.3 Aquatic food production systems
Demand for aquatic food resources: continues to increase as human population
grows, standards of living rise and diets change
Photosynthesis and aquatic food webs:
Highest rates of productivity found in shallow seas and near coastal areas
In aquatic systems, most food is harvested from higher trophic levels
where total storages are much smaller
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller ivanstanisavljevic. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $9.22. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
76799 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now