Adult Health Care exam 2 (100%correct answers)
Health BMI ranges correct answers 18.5-24.9
BMI 25-30 correct answers over weight
BMI > 30 correct answers considered obese
BMI < 18.5 correct answers increased risk of problems associated with poor nutrition
Nutritional assessment - biochemical assessment correct answers Serum albumin - protein
deficiency marker
Serum transferrin - protein binds with and carries Fe from intestine through serum
Total iron binding capacity (TIBC)
Retinol-binding protein
Serum glucose
Electrolytes
Hemoglobin
Lipid profile
Vitamin A, carotene
Vitamin C
Urinary urea nitrogen (UUN)
Nutritional Assessment - Dietary history and health history correct answers Food record
Food likes and dislikes
Food allergies
Use of medication
24-hour food recall
Difficult swallowing- dysphagia
Conducting dietary interview
Religious, cultural considerations
Indicators of nutritional status correct answers General appearance (height/weight)
Skin, hair, nails
Mouth—includes teeth, tongue, gums
Mucous membranes
Neck—includes thyroid
Musculoskeletal (muscle strength, arm, hand and waist circumference)
Abdomen
Nursing diagnosis correct answers Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
Risk for overweight
Risk for imbalanced nutrition less than body requirements when pt is NPO and receives only IV
fluid for more than
4-7 days.
, Promoting appetite correct answers Clean environment, free of odor, small frequent meals, oral
hygiene, maintain comfort, offer food according to pt's like,
Assess the need for pharmacologic interventions for nausea (Phenergan before meals) or med to
stimulate appetite (megastro).
Black coffee correct answers considered clear liquid
Full liquids include correct answers coffee with cream, cream soups, smoothies, yogurt, milk, ice
cream, custard
Mechanical soft foods correct answers easy to chew-old ppl (eggs)
Slow/low residue correct answers patient who has had gastrointestinal problems - breads, rice,
pasta, canned fruits or veggies (low fiber/easily digested food)
High fiber correct answers whole grain rice, pasta, breads, beans, gran cereal, oatmeal, dry fruit
(cardiac pt to decrease cholesterol)
Low sodium correct answers can mean no added salt, stay away from canned foods and fast food
(hypertension/ cardiac disease) 4g,2, 1,g or 500mg (very hard)
Low cholesterol correct answers baking foods instead of frying. Low fat milk instead of whole.
Egg whites/no yolk
Diabetic diet correct answers stay away from sugar and salt. Whole wheat bread and pastas. Also
want low in fat foods
Vegetarian correct answers Exclusion of red meat from diet
Need well-planned diet to avoid vitamin and protein deficiencies. make sure to tell patient to
have two sources of protein (i.e., 2 types of beans)
Vegans correct answers Eat only plant foods
Lack of cobalamin (vitamin B12) common
Can develop megaloblastic anemia and neurologic signs of deficiency
Pt. who are immune-compromised correct answers Cooked vegetables and fruits (no raw
vegetables or fruits)
Assisting patient with oral feeding correct answers Ensure safety and dignity
Assess pt's risk for aspiration (check gag reflex initial assessment)
How to position patient with oral feeding correct answers Position pt in an upright, seated in a
chair or elevate head of bed 45-90 degrees if not contraindicated
Pt. head and chin w/ oral feeding correct answers Have pt flex head and tuck chin down to
prevent aspiration
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