MMSC407 LIPIDS Exam Questions with Complete Solutions
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Course
MMSC407
Institution
MMSC407
MMSC407 LIPIDS Exam MMSC407 LIPIDS Exam Questions
with Complete Solutions
What are lipids? - Answer-Fatty, oily, waxy substances of animal or vegetable origin
which are INSOLUBLE in water but are soluble in nonpolar solvents
When are lipids insoluble and soluble? - Answer--Insoluble in water ...
MMSC407 LIPIDS Exam Questions with Complete Solutions What are lipids? - Answer -Fatty, oily, waxy substances of animal or vegetable origin which are INSOLUBLE in water but are soluble in nonpolar solvents When are lipids insoluble and soluble? - Answer --Insoluble in water and soluble in nonpolar solvent s -Nonpolar solvents: chloroform, ether, alcohol What are the types of lipids? - Answer - Saturated fatty acids - Answer --Primarily animal fat -no carbon double bonds -Solid at room temp **THINK butter, lard Unsaturated fatty acids - Answer --Primarily ve getable fat -Double carbon bonds -Liquid at room temp **Think olive oil! Mono -unsaturated - Answer -one double bond Poly unsaturated - Answer -2 or more double bonds Non-Esterified FREE fatty acids - Answer --Small amount of fatty acid bound to albumin! -MOST fatty acids are bound to triglycerides and phospholipids What are most fatty acids bound too? - Answer --Triglycerides and phospholipids Structure of Triglycerides - Answer -glycerol and 3 fatty acids What is the reason we have triglycerides? - Answ er--It allows the body to compact fatty acids onto a smaller space to be used for energy -free floating fatty acids take up more space than triglycerides -Account for 98 -99% of lipids in diet! Cholesterol - Answer --Synthesize by animals and humans (vegeta rian diet does not really intake cholesterol) -HOWEVER plants contain sterols that has a similar structure!! -Structure is tetracyclic perhydro -cyclopentano -phenathreme skeleton of 27 carbons Cholesterol - Answer --Synthesized from acetyl coA in 25 steps -The free OH group in cholesterol make it slightly water soluble! What is cholesterol synthesized from? - Answer --Acetyl coa How many step is cholesterol synthesized in? - Answer -25 steps What part of cholesterol makes it slightly water soluble? - Answer --OH group on the end WHat does the OH group on the end of the cholesterol do? - Answer --Makes the molecule SLIGHTLY water soluble What is esterified cholesterol? - Answer --One fatty acid is conjugated to free OH group -Once esterified, cholesterol is totally hydrophobic -Occurs in liver: free cholesterol (30%) -> esterified cholesterol (70%) Phospholipids - Answer -Lipid with phosphate group on it -similar in structure to triglyceride EXCEPT there are two fatty acids at tached to glycerol and third group is phosphate -PHOSPHATE group is hydrophilic and Fatty acids are hydrophobic examples of phospholipids - Answer -1.Phosphatidylcholine -Part of cell membrane -Part of Lipoprotein 2.Sphingolipids -Part of Nervous tissue -Lung surfactant Lipoproteins - Answer --Mixture of lipids and proteins What are the purpose of Lipoproteins - Answer -Transports insoluble lipids in plasma from intestinal tract or liver to tissues How are lipoproteins divided into classes? - Answer -They a re divided into 4 classes by DENSITY VVLDL - Answer -Chylomicron (very very low density lipoprotein) VLDL - Answer -very low density lipoprotein LDL - Answer -low-density lipoprotein HDL - Answer -high-density lipoprotein
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