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MEDICAL

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  • 700 Finl Rev
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  • 700 Finl Rev

Exam of 129 pages for the course 700 Finl Rev at 700 Finl Rev (MEDICAL)

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  • May 21, 2024
  • 129
  • 2023/2024
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Unknown

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  • 700 Finl Rev
  • 700 Finl Rev

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By: docwayne5 • 3 months ago

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MEDICAL -SURGICAL NURSING FINAL EXAM 2024/2025 WELL UPDETED Q ESTIONS AND AN SWERS 1000% CORRECT | GRADED A+ lispro insulin (humulog) - ANSWER -rapid acting insulin onset of lispro insulin (humolog) - ANSWER -under 15 minutes peak of lispro insulin (humulog) - ANSWER -30 min to 1.5 hours when to administer lispro insulin (humulog) - ANSWER -0-15 minutes prior to a meal regular insulin (Humulin R, Novolin R) - ANSWER -short acting insulin onset of regular insulin (humulin R, Novolin R) - ANSWER -30 min to 60 minutes peak of regular insulin (humulin R, Novolin R) - ANSWER -2 to 3 hours when to administer regular insulin (humulin R, Novolin R) - ANSWER -30 minutes before a meal lente insulin (humulin L) - ANSWER -intermediate acting insulin onset of lente insulin - ANSWER -1 to 2 hours when to administer lente insulin - ANSWER -does not need to be with a meal peak of lente insulin - ANSWER -4 to 12 hours insulin glargine - ANSWER -long acting insulin precautions with insulin glargine (lantus) - ANSWER -insulin glargine cannot be mixed with other insulins!!, the action may be affected in an unpredictable manner. onset of insulin glargine - ANSWER -1-1.5 hours peak of insulin glargine - ANSWER -has no peak...lasts 24 hr storage for insulin - ANSWER -insulin vials should be stored in a refrigerator or they can be kept at room temperature for up to 28 days. cartridges and pens should be stored at room temperature and used within 28 days.. glucagon - ANSWER -a drug used to treat hypoglycemia. raises blood glucose levels side effects of glucagon - ANSWER -n/v, hypotension, hypersensitivity, & hypokalemia administration of glucagon - ANSWER -can be given SQ, IM, or IV. then as soon as the patient is awake, give the patient some carbohydrate snack mixing insulin - ANSWER -whenever mixing insulin, the short acting (regular/humilin R) insulin is drawn up first in order to prevent contamination. short acting is clear insulin and intermediate acting (humilin L/lente) is cloudy, so it is drawn up clear then cloudy. insulin glar gine cannot be mixed with any kind of insulin. metformin - ANSWER -the most common oral hypoglycemic medication for pre diabetic patients and non insulin dependent type 2 diabetes. is not used to treat type 1. side effects of metformin - ANSWER -GI effects including anorexia, n/v, HA, abdominal gas/pain, metallic taste, hypoglycemia, LACTIC ACIDOSIS!! (unexplained muscle aches, fatigue, lethargy and hyperventilation) *ok for pregnancy precautions taking metformin - ANSWER -needs to be stopped 48 hours before any type of radiographic test with iodinated contrast dye and can't be resumed until 48 hours after because this can cause lactic acidosis or ARF. watch renal function when taking metformin. when to d/c metformin - ANSWER -immediately if unexplained hypoxemia, dehydration, or signs of lactic acidosis what foods increase risk of hypoglycemia with oral anti diabetic drugs - ANSWER -celery, coriander, dandelion root, garlic, ginseng Diabetes mellitus - ANSWER -is a systemic, chronic, and progressive metabolic disease that requires lifelong lifestyle modification. people with DM have the inability to metabolize carbohydrates, proteins, and fats Type 1 DM - ANSWER -can be genetic or autoimmune. involves the destruction of pancreatic beta cells. has no or minimal insulin production. aka Juvenile onset/ IDDM Type 2 DM - ANSWER -can be genetic and environmental. either d/t desensitization (limited response by beta cells) or insulin resistance (liver and peripheral tissues). aka Adult onset/ NDDM Type 1: age of onset, symptoms, insulin production, BMI, and insulin mgt - ANSWER -
Age: <30 but can occur at any age. S/sx: abrupt onset, weight loss Insulin production: None, no prevention. BMI: usually non -obese Insulin: dependent Type 2: age of onset, symptoms, insulin production, BMI, and insulin mgt - ANSWER -
Age: peak at 50 yo S/sx: slow onset, fatigue Insulin production: low, normal, or high. Preventable. BMI: 60-80% of type 2 pts are obese Insulin: 20 -30% require diabetic ketoacidosis - ANSWER -a complication of diabetes.. is a lack of insulin and ketosis. more common in Type 1 hyperglycemia -hyperosmolar state - ANSWER -a complication of diabetes... is an insulin deficiency and profound dehydration hypoglycemia - ANSWER -a complication of diabetes... is too little insulin, too little glucose s/sx of diabetes - ANSWER -3 p's (polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia), unintended weight loss, fatigue & weakness, irritability & mood changes, blurred vision, slow healing sores, acanthuses nigricans, HTN, hyperlipidemia, liver impairment, frequent infection s complications of DM - ANSWER -retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, CAD/CVD risk of stroke, PVD acanthosis nigricans - ANSWER -skin changes with DM2. skin folds around neck and armpits HBA1C pre diabetes - ANSWER -5.7-6.4 %

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