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AQA Sociology Crime and Deviance- A level June 2024 Exam Questions with Answers
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AQA Sociology Crime and Deviance- A level June 2024 Exam Questions with Answers
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AQA Sociology Crime and Deviance- Alevel June 2024 Exam Questions with
Answers
What is a Crime? - Answer>> An act which breaks the criminal
laws of society and is punishable by law.
What is Deviance? - Answer>> Behaviour which is disproved
off by most people in society. As it breaks norms, morals and
values.
What is white collar crime. - Answer>> Commited in the
courcse of legitmate employment, its a financial abuse of
occupational role. eg. Fraud, insider dealing, tax evasion.
What is corporate crime? - Answer>> Is when a company
commits a crime.
According to Durkheim why is Crime functional? - Answer>>
'Crime is an intergral part of all healthy societys'. It is inevitable,
because not every one is going to equally commited to the
collective sentiments. However too much crime = dysfunctional
society as it suggests that somthing is wrong in society and needs
resolving.
What is Mertons value consensus? - Answer>> The expected
norms, morals and values in society.
According to merton what are the five ways in which memebers in
society could respond to their goals. - Answer>> Conformity-
accepting society and institutionalised means of acheiving them.
Innovation- Accepting the goals ( eg- wealth) but rejecting
institutionalised means, and deviating from them.
,Ritualism - rejecting the gaols but going along with the institution.
Its deviant because it results from strong socialised to conform to
expected behaviours.
Retreatism - rejecting goals and rejecting the institution. Decent
into alcholism.
Rebellion - Creating a new society against the mainstream.
According to Croall why is White Collar crime difficult to convict. -
Answer>> White collar crime is morally ambiguous as it's
victimless as its crime aginst business. It's an
indirect offence. Offenders are invisble, Diffiult to blame it on.
Complex, as no one really understands it fully. The public deosn't
fear it
What is the new Criminology according to neo Marxists Taylor,
Walton, Young? - Answer>> Crime takes place when a
capitalist system where some people have a lot of wealth and
power, wheras the fustrated majority don't. These inequalitys are
the root of crime.
Define right realism? - Answer>> The right wing political
perspective, emphases James Q Wilson and emphasing 'zero
tolerance'. Follows Wilsons broken window theory, which argues
minor occurances of crime/deviance escalate within a
neighbourhood.
What do right realists argue about crime? - Answer>> A lack of
disicipline in education and familys lead to increased crime.
Permissive attitudes of self - indulgents and anti - social
behaviour. When the costs of crime out weigh the benfits.
To solves these we must incease the costs of crime, reduce
oppurtunitys for crime, more police prevalent witin communitys. A
face to face relationship between authoritys and communitys, a
stress on preventing crime.
, What is Right Reaslism Zero tolerance? - Answer>> Involves
the police strictly clamping down on minor criminal activities such
as littering, begging, graffiti and other forms of antisocial
behaviour. To create an example to the rest of society.
According to Right realist Clark and Coleman 1980 why do people
commit crime? - Answer>> Argues criminals will engage in
crime if the benefit out weigh the costs. (rational choice theory).
Its a part of human nature.
What deos Charles Murray and the new right argue? -
Answer>> Argues that the underclass are particularly
insuffieciently intergrated into societys norms and values. The
undercalss are prone to crimes, especially violent, because they
failed in education.
According to right realist Ernest van den Haag (1975) why should
society be highly socialy controlled? - Answer>> Adopts a very
poor veiw of humanity as willling to cheat to 'get on' and therefore
some groups need to be controlled for their own good. Like
durkheim, crime is functional, however we must advocate tough
punishments to prevent uncontrolable levels of crime.
Cristisms of Right realism? - Answer>> According to Platt and
Tackie, they critises this approach for concentrating and
exclusively on working class crime and ignoring the crime of the
powerful.
Define Left realism? - Answer>> The left wing political
perspective, empahsis the importance of tackling deprivation and
to respond to the needs of the communtiy.
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