History, Defi nitions, and Contemporary Viewpoints
Wilfried Witte and Christoph Stein
Th e experience of pain is fundamental and has been part
of the cultural development of all societies. In the history
of pain, “supernatural” powers played an equally
important role as natural factors....
All rights reserved. Th is material may be used for educational and training purposes with proper citation of the source.
Not for sale or commercial use.
, Timely topics in pain research and treatment have been selected for publication, but the information provided and opinions
expressed have not involved any verifi cation of the fi ndings, conclusions, and opinions by IASP®. Th us, opinions expressed in
Guide to Pain Management in Low-Resource Settings do not necessarily refl ect those of IASP or of the Offi cers and Councilors.
No responsibility is assumed by IASP for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of product liability,
negligence, or from any use of any methods, products, instruction, or ideas contained in the material herein. Because of the rapid
advances in the medical sciences, the publisher recommends that there should be independent verifi cation of diagnoses and drug
dosages. Th e mention of specifi c pharmaceutical products and any medical procedure does not imply endorsement or
recommendation by the editors, authors, or IASP in favor of other medical products or procedures that are not covered in the text.
Errors and omissions are expected.
Supported by an educational grant from the International Association for the Study of Pain
A preliminary version of this text was printed in 2009
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