POWERPLANT CPE REVIEWER
Inline Engine
generally has an even
number of cylinders, although some
three-cylinder engines have been
constructed. This engine may be either
liquid cooled or air cooled and has only
one crank shaft, which is located either
above or below the cylinders.
inverte...
powerplant cpe reviewer inline engine generally ha
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POWERPLANT CPE REVIEWER
Inline Engine
generally has an even
number of cylinders, although some
three-cylinder engines have been
constructed. This engine may be either
liquid cooled or air cooled and has only
one crank shaft, which is located either
above or below the cylinders.
inverted engine
If the
engine is designed to operate with the
cylinders below the crankshaft, it is
called an
Opposed or O-Type Engines
has two banks
of cylinders directly opposite each other
with a crankshaft in the center
V-Type Engines
the cylinders are arranged
in two in-line banks generally set 60° apart.
Most of the engines have 12 cylinders, which
are either liquid cooled or air cooled.
Radial Engines
consists of a row, or
rows, of cylinders arranged radially
about a central crankcase.
This type of engine has proven to be
very rugged and dependable.
Opposed or
O-Type Engines
Engine that has low vibration characteristics
Inline Engine
It has a small frontal area and is better adapted to streamlining.
V-Type Engines
This type of
engine was used mostly during the second
World War and its use is mostly limited to older
aircraft.
Opposed or O-Type Engines
,Engine is generally mounted with the
cylinders in a horizontal position.
Radial Engines
This engine is used in some older
cargo planes, war birds, and crop spray planes. Although many of these engines still exist,
their use is limited.
Radial Engines
Has proven to be very rugged and dependable.
Inline Engines
An engine confined to low- and medium-horsepower engines used in very old light aircraft.
internal combustion engine
a device for converting
heat energy into mechanical energy.
induct, compress, ignite, and burn
The operating cycle of an internal
combustion reciprocating engine
includes the series of events required to
Four-Stroke Cycle
majority of certified aircraft
reciprocating engines operate on the
___________, sometimes called the
Otto cycle
Two complete revolutions (720°)
How many revolutions of the crankshaft is required for the four strokes
INTAKE STROKE
the piston is
pulled downward in the cylinder by the
rotation of the crankshaft.
Intake valve
is opened
considerably before the piston reaches TDC on the exhaust stroke, in order to induce a
greater quantity of the fuel/air charge into the cylinder and thus increase the horsepower.
COMPRESSION STROKE
After the intake valve is closed, the continued upward travel of the piston compresses the
fuel/air mixture to obtain the desired burning and expansion characteristics.
, Power stroke
As the piston moves through the TDC position at the end of the compression stroke and
starts down on the__________,
Power Stroke
it is pushed downward by the rapid expansion of the
burning gases within the cylinder head with a force that can be greater than 15 tons (30,000 psi) at
maximum power output of the engine.
Exhaust stroke
As the piston travels through BDC at the completion of the power stroke and starts upward on the
_________
Exhaust stroke
it begins to push the burned exhaust gases out the exhaust port. The speed of the exhaust gases
leaving the cylinder creates a low pressure in the
cylinder.
TWO-STROKE CYCLE Engines
has re-emerged being used in ultra-light, light sport, and many experimental aircraft.
TWO-STROKE CYCLE Engines
There is no valve in this type of engine. Gas
movement takes place through holes called ports
in the cylinder. The crankcase of the engine is air
tight in which the crankshaft rotates.
TWO-STROKE CYCLE Engines
require only one upstroke and one down stroke of the piston to complete the required series of
events
in the cylinder. Thus, the engine completes the operating cycle in one revolution of the
crankshaft.
INTAKE PORT
The entry point for the gas into the engine.
OUTPUT SHAFT
Moves the rotational kinetic energy from the rotor to the rest of the car.
TRIANGULAR ROTOR
Divides the chamber into intake, compression, and combustion areas and
supports the energy of the system and the engines gear set.
SPARK PLUG
Provides the electric energy used to combust the compressed fuel.
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