Week 8 BIOS 251 Exam 1 final study set of questions and answers
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Course
BIOS 251
Institution
BIOS 251
Week 8 BIOS 251 Exam 1 final study set
of questions and answers
What 4 ways do you examine the body? - CORRECT ANSWER-Inspection, Palpation,
Auscultation and Percussion
Inspection - CORRECT ANSWER-Seeing the body
Palpation - CORRECT ANSWER-to examine by touch
Auscultation - CORRECT ANSWER-L...
Week 8 BIOS 251 Exam 1 final study set of questions and answers What 4 ways do you examine the body? - CORRECT ANSWER -Inspection, Palpation, Auscultation and Percussion Inspection - CORRECT ANSWER -Seeing the body Palpation - CORRECT ANSWER -to examine by touch Auscultation - CORRECT ANSWER -Listening with a stethoscope Percussion - CORRECT ANSWER -taking hands and beating over certain parts of body Medical Imaging - CORRECT ANSWER -methods of viewing the inside of the body without surgery, i.e. radiology Gross Anatomy - CORRECT ANSWER -Study of structures that can be seen with the naked eye Histology - CORRECT ANSWER -the study of the microscopic structure of tissues Histopathology - CORRECT ANSWER -microscopic examination of tissues for signs of disease Cytology - CORRECT ANSWER -study of structure and function of cells Ultrastructure - CORRECT ANSWER -fine detail, down to the molecular level, revealed by the electron microscope Subdisciplines of Physiology - CORRECT ANSWER -neurophysiology, endocrinology, pathophysiology Neurophysiology - CORRECT ANSWER -physiology of the nervous system Endocrinology - CORRECT ANSWER -study of hormones Pathophysiology - CORRECT ANSWER -mechanisms of disease Hippocrates - CORRECT ANSWER -Father of medicine Scientific Fact - CORRECT ANSWER -information that can be independently verified Law of Nature - CORRECT ANSWER -a generalization about the predictable ways in which matter and energy behave Theory - CORRECT ANSWER -explanatory statement or set of statements derived from facts, laws and confirmed hypotheses Bipedalism - CORRECT ANSWER -the ability to walk upright on two legs The Hierarchy of Complexity - CORRECT ANSWER -Organ system -organs -tissues -
cells-organelles -molecules -atoms situs invertus - CORRECT ANSWER -heart is on the opposite side Organization - CORRECT ANSWER -living things exhibit a higher level of organization than nonliving things Cellular Composition - CORRECT ANSWER -living matter is always compartmentalized into one or more cells Metabolism - CORRECT ANSWER -internal chemical reactions; the sum of all biochemical events that occur in the body Responsiveness - CORRECT ANSWER -ability to sense and react to stimuli (irritability or excitability) Movement - CORRECT ANSWER -of organism and/or of substances within the organism Characteristics of life - CORRECT ANSWER -organization, cellular composition, metabolism, responsiveness and movement, homeostasis, development, reproduction, evolution Homeostasis - CORRECT ANSWER -the ability to detect change, activate mechanisms that oppose it and thereby maintain stable internal conditions Physiological Variation - CORRECT ANSWER -Sex, age, diet, weight, physical activity, genetics and environment Feedback Loops - CORRECT ANSWER -biological mechanisms where homeostasis is maintained Homeostasis in Body Temperature - CORRECT ANSWER --If too warm, vessels dilate in the skin and sweating begins (heat -losing mechanism) -If too cold, vessels in the skin constrict and shivering begins (heat -gaining mechanism) Negative Feedback - CORRECT ANSWER -a mechanism of response in which a stimulus initiates reactions that reduce the stimulus Receptor - CORRECT ANSWER -structure that senses change in the body Integrating (control) Center - CORRECT ANSWER -control center that processes the sensory information, "makes a decision," and directs the response Effector - CORRECT ANSWER -cell or organ that carries out the final corrective action to restore homeostasis Positive Feedback - CORRECT ANSWER -Self-amplifying cycle where the feedback loop is repeated. Normal way of producing rapid changes. Can sometimes be dangerous. ex. childbirth Gradient - CORRECT ANSWER -a difference in chemical concentration, charge, temperature, or pressure between two points. Chemicals flow down concentration gradients. Charged particles flow down electrical gradients. Heat flows down thermal gradients. CT Scan - CORRECT ANSWER -computed tomography scan MRI - CORRECT ANSWER -magnetic resonance imaging PET scan - CORRECT ANSWER -a visual display of brain activity that detects where a radioactive form of glucose goes while the brain performs a given task Sonography - CORRECT ANSWER -high frequency sound waves echo back from internal organs The relationship between function and structure - CORRECT ANSWER -Form creates function, function predicts form The primary function of red blood cells - CORRECT ANSWER -To transport vital gases to and from the body tissues. Red blood cells transport oxygen to the tissues and carbon dioxide from the tissues to the lungs so that it can be exhaled out of the body. How are red blood cells unlike other body cells? - CORRECT ANSWER -As they mature they lose their nucleus and organelles, which allows room for more hemoglobin molecules which are oxygen binding proteins. What do red blood cells display? - CORRECT ANSWER -Viscoelasticity, they have the ability to go back to their original shape if they become deformed due to stress. This allows them to be able to flow through narrow blood vessels. Superior - CORRECT ANSWER -Structure that is toward the head of the body
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