NUR 1211: Seizures, Brain Tumors, Brain Trauma, Diabetes Insipidus summary
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Course
NUR 1211
Institution
NUR 1211
Seizure - An abnormal, sudden, excessive, uncontrolled electrical discharge of neurons within the
brain that may result in a change in level of consciousness.
Epilepsy - Two or more seizures experienced by a person; chronic disorder
Myoclonic Seizure - Sudden brief contractions. Frequently occu...
NUR 1211: Seizures, Brain Tumors, Brain Trauma, Diabetes Insipidus summary Seizure - ✓✓An abnormal, sudden, excessive, uncontrolled electrical discharge of neurons within the brain that may result in a change in level of consciousness. Epilepsy - ✓✓Two or more seizures experienced by a person; chronic disorder Myoclonic Seizure - ✓✓Sudden brief contractions. Frequently occur when awaking or when falling asleep. May be symmetric or asymmetric. Atonic Seizure - ✓✓A sudden loss in muscle tone that is caused by temporary alterations in brain function. The seizures are brief - usually less than 15 seconds. Absence or Petit Mal Seizure - ✓✓A type of seizure that involves brief, sudden lapses in attention (momentary LOC). Tonic -Clonic Seizure or Grand Mal - ✓✓Abrupt increase in muscle tone, loss of consciousness, lasts 30 seconds to 2 minutes. Tonic Phase - ✓✓Stiffening or rigidity of the muscles, particularly of the arms and less, immediate loss of consciousness. Clonic Phase - ✓✓Rhythmic contraction and relaxation of the extremities and muscles Postictal Phase - ✓✓The period of recovery after the seizure when the patient may be incontinent, and/or sleeps for a while. Patient usually wakes up confused. Requires reality orientation. Prodromal Phase - ✓✓Signs of increased irritability, tension, mood changes, or headache which precede a seizure by hours or days. Aural Phase - ✓✓A sensory warning within seconds or minutes of a seizure, usually arising from the 5 senses. Stupor Phase - ✓✓Post -seizure the patient is limp and unresponsive for up to 5 minutes. Your patient is admitted suffering from seizures stemming from neurologic issues. What are some of the reasons your patient is suffering from seizures? - ✓✓Head trauma, Brain tumors, Cerebral vascular, Infections Your patient is admitted suffering from seizures stemming from metabolic issues. What are some of the reasons your patient is suffering from seizures? - ✓✓Electrolyte imbalances (Na, Ca, Mg), Hypoglycemia, Hypoxia, Fever, Toxins, Noncompliance with antiepileptics, Unknown What are some factors that may trigger a seizure? - ✓✓Increase physical activity Stress Fatigue Alcohol Caffeine Some chemicals What are typical diagnostic tests performed to rule out other causes of seizure activity and to confirm a diagnosis of epilepsy? - ✓✓EEG, CT, MRI, PET scan, blood and urine analysis, drug screen, electrolyte profile Your patient is scheduled for an EEG at 10:00am. At 9:15am you come in to check on your patient and notice he is drinking coffee. What is the priority nursing intervention? - ✓✓Call the physician to reschedule to EEG as caffeine cannot be consumed prior to the test. What are some patient teaching points to mention to an individual who is about to have an EEG done? - ✓✓No caffeine, hair must be clean and free of oils and accessories, sleep may be withheld to aid in inducing a seizure.
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