IB SEHS Exam Prep questions and 100% correct
answers
1). Long bones
Ans: longer than they are wide, long cylindrical shaft, ends are enlarged, includes the
femur, humerus, metatarsals, and phalanges
2). Short bones
Ans: small, cube-shaped, usually articulate with more than one bone, includes the
tarsals and carpals
3). Flat bones
Ans: curved surfaces, large area for muscles to attach, provide protection, can be very
thick/thin, includes the ribs, scapula, sternum
4). Sesamoid bones
Ans: short bones embedded into tendon, places of high pressure, include the patella
(patella tendon/knee), and a set of smaller bones near the metatarsals
5). Irregular bones
Ans: specialized shapes and functions, include the coccyx, sacrum, mandible, and
vertebrae
6). Axial skeleton
Ans: central part of the skeleton, axis, contains 80 bones, includes the skull, ribs,
sternum, vertebral column, mainly functions to protect
7). Appendicular skeleton
Ans: bones built off of the axis, 126 bones, used for movement, energy storage,
muscle attachment, calcium/phosphorous storage
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, 8). Articulate
Ans: to form a joint
9). Tendon
Ans: connective tissue that connects muscle to bone
10). Ligament
Ans: connective tissue that connects bone to bone
Ans: (found primarily in the epiphyses), branching, bony plates, reduced weight, tissue
with branching and interconnected spaces, also called cancellous bone, storage center
of red bone marrow
29). Diaphysis
Ans: long shaft of the bone, made of compact bone, encloses the medullary/marrow
cavity
Ans: also called medullary cavity, where yellow bone marrow is stored (in diaphysis)
32). Bone marrow
Ans: tissue that produces either blood cells, or stores lipids
33). Periosteum
Ans: thin, shiny white membrane, outer lining of bone, important for growth, repair,
nutrition, and ligament/tendon attachment
34). Fibrous joint
Ans: joint that has a layer of fibrous tissue connects the edges of two bones,
continuous with the periosteum, no movement allowed, as in the sutures between the
parts of the skull
35). Cartilaginous joint
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